The Study Of Muscle Fiber Development Of Shandong Local Chicken Breeds

This study choosed Jining Bairi chicken, Wenshang Luhua chicken, Luxi Dou chicken as test animals, Jining Bairi chicken and Wenshang Luhua chicken and Luxi Douji chicken have35individuals, a total of105individuals. The chicken were slaughtered and cut up breast muscle, leg muscle, and hematoxylin-eosin staining of paraffin sections. At the age of1d,30d,60d,90d and120d, and that were made hematoxylin-eosin staining and made sarcomere smears, measured and analysed the same breeds and the defferent breeds in different development stages of muscle fiber density, muscle fiber diameter, length of sarcomere, thickness of endomysium and perimysium. We extracted breast muscle total RNA of three breeds of chickens at the age of60d,90d and120d of age.We used real-time quantitative PCR to determine the expression of Pax-3, Pax-7, Myf-5and MSTN gene, analysed the different breeds and the same breeds in different development stages the level of each gene expression. The resuLts showed as follows:(1) At the age of1,30,60,120d, Luxi Dou chickens breast muscle, leg muscle fiber density were more than Jining Bairi and Wenshang Luhua chickens in the same age(P<0.05). Luxi Dou chickens endometrial thickness of leg muscle were significantly lower than Jining Bairi and wenshang Luhua chickens(P<0.01). At the age of90and120d, Luxi Dou chickens muscle fiber diameters bigger than Jining Bairi chickens and Wenshang Luhua chickens (P <0.01).(2) At the age of60days,90d and120d, the Luxi Dou chickens breast muscle endometrial thickness of less than Jining Bairi chickens and Wenshang Luhua chickens (P <0.05). At the age of30d,60d,90d and120d, Luxi Dou chickens muscle endometrial thickness were significantly lower than Jining Bairi chickens and Wenshang Luhua chickens (P<0.01). At the age of30d,60d,90d and120d, the Luxi Dou chickens perimysium thickness of breast, leg muscle were less than Jining Bairi chickens and Wenshang Luhua chickens (P<0.01).(3)At the age of60d,90d and120d Pax-7gene in Jining Bairi chickens breast muscle, no significant difference expression levels. Wenshang Luhua chickens breast muscle at the age of90d of expression higher than60d and higher than120d, the difference was significant (P<0.05),at the age of60d and90d Luxi Dou chickens Pax-7gene expression in breast muscle was indifference, but decreased the expression of120d, the difference was significant (P<0.05).(4) At the age of60d,90d,120d, Myf-5gene expression levels in the Luxi Dou chickens breast muscle was significantly higher than Jining Bairi chickens and Wenshang Luhua chickens (P<0.05). At the age of60,90,120d, Myf-5gene expression levels in the Luxi Dou chickens breast muscle was significantly higher than Jining Bairi chickens and Wenshang Luhua chickens (P<0.05). During d60-120, the expression of Myf-5gene in the Luxi Dou chickens breast muscle decreased significantly (P<0.05), During d90-120, Wenshang Luhua chickens breast muscle Myf-5expression was significantly decreased (P <0.05).(5)At the age of60d,90d,120d, Pax-3gene expression levels in Jining Bairi chickens and Luxi Dou chickens breast muscle was no significant difference, in Jining Bairi chickens breast muscle expression has upward trend, in Luxi Dou chickens breast muscle expression has downward trend. At the age of120d Wenshang Luhua chickens breast muscle Pax-3gene expression level decreased significantly different (P<0.05), expression differences at the age of60d and90d were not significant. Expression differences between60d and90d of age were not significant.(6)At the age of60d,90d and120d, MSTN gene expression level differences in Jining Bairi breast muscle not significant, but it was a downward trend. At the age of120d, Wenshang Luhua chickens MSTN gene expression level rise in breast muscle, the difference was significant at the age of60d and90d (P<0.05), but no difference in expression levels of60d and90d. At the age of60d,90d and120d, the expression of MSTN gene in the Luxi Dou chickens breast muscle were not significant, there is an upward trend. Over all, this study showed that the histological characteristics of muscle were influenced by genetic background and choice, the different functions of breast and leg muscles were caused by differences between the histological characteristics of two parts, the gene Myf-5played an important role on muscle fiber development.