Research On Fertilization Coupling Effect Under The Condition Of Control Irrigation For Rice In Black Soil

Heilongjiang province is a major grain producing in China, Rice is one of the main grain crops in Heilongjiang Province. Facing the uneven distribution of water resources in space-time and the uneven distribution of water during the crop growth period and unreasonable utilization problems of water and fertilizer quantity in its production process, all of these will restrict the development of rice planting area, yield and quality. Developing the controlled irrigation technology rapidly, combined with the coupling effect of water and fertilizer.In order to improve water use efficiency and economic yield and find out the optimal irrigation scheme, providing a theoretical basis for the technology development of high yield and quality for the sake of make rice into the water saving in cold region and black soil, It’s a great significance to the development of water-saving agriculture efficiently.The measured data on the basis of pot and field plot experiment, using of theoretical analysis, regression analysis, statistical analysis and other methods to analysis of the biological characteristics of different growth stages of rice preliminarly, the influence regulation of water use efficiency, yield and yield components of influencing factors under different irrigation and fertilization and cultivation mode, the main conclusions as follows:(1) Statistical analysis of the data in different growth stages of Rice Biology, finding different water and fertilizer treatments on different growth period had different influence degree, growth height appropriately can improve the yield; Water and nitrogen fertilizer of rice affected larger on Leaf area of, smaller effects from phosphorus and potassium, Leaf area index was positively correlated with evapotranspiration and yield can be improved; Rice tillering state appeared significant differences in growth period, the difference is lager by the moisture.(2) Through the establishment and analysis of rice water use efficiency regression model, Finding out the single factor of water and fertilizer had significant effect on water use efficiency, the influence order was:N> K> P> water. Among of them, with mutual negative effect or mutual reduction effect between potassium and phosphorus, phosphorus and water, the rest showed positive interaction effect; According to the water production function model, it can be seen that the influence of water deficit at different growth stages on yield was unequal, its size is heading blossom stage> jointing booting stage> milk ripe stage> tillering stage. By analysising of derivative can find the best water use efficiency and irrigation interval of rice.(3) Effect of water and fertilizer regulatory on rice yield significantly, but its influence is not the same. The main effects is N> K> P> water; Analysising the single factor, marginal yield under different water and fertilizer treatment effects on rice. The combination of water and fertilizer by analysis of derivative to different factors calculating the water and fertilizer by four factors and the optimum interval.(4) According to the yield and water use efficiency two indexes can determine the optimal control standards:(0.67-0.78) g/pot nitrogenous,(0.43-0.45) g/pot potassium,0.30g/pot phosphorus; It’s equivalent to (94.83-110.40) kg/ha nitrogen,(60.86-63.69) kg/ha potassium,42.20kg/ha phosphorus; The rate of soil moisture in late tillering stage account for saturated water content69.7%-75%.(5) According to the results of field plot experiment data:the single highest yield of irrigation control technology can increase by13.06%than the local conventional irrigation, water productivity up to21.14%;The Ⅱ control irrigation, Base fertilizer:Tillering fertilizer:Panicle fertilizer:Preserving flowers fertilizer=4.5:2:1.5:2, transplanting density21/m2pattern of rice yield is the highest. The II control irrigation, Base fertilizer:Tillering fertilizer:Panicle fertilizer: Preserving flowers fertilizer=4.5:2:1.5:2, transplanting density18/m2hole combination mode water productivity is the highest. The management level of water on rice yield and water productivity is the most significant effect; To evaluate the different cultivation patterns by grey correlation model based on entropy weight, results show that:the Ⅱ control irrigation, Base fertilizer:Tillering fertilizer:Panicle fertilizer:Preserving flowers fertilizer=4.5:2:1.5:2and planting density21point/m2is the optimal cultivation model, the result is consistent with the actual test and it’s suitable for rice cultivation mode in cold region.