Effect Of Water And Fertilization Coupling On Soil Microbial Diversity In Black Soils

Reasonable water and fertilizer condition is one of the health basis fators to soil, it is inserparable, reasonable water and fertilizer condition enhances the output effectively. The microorganism in soil instructs sensitively the soil environment condition, the activeness and the community structure of the microbial may reflect the quality of the soil.In order to discuss the variations of the soil microbial diversity under different water and ferilizer conditions, three kinds of test methods including microbial plate culture,BIOLOG and PLFAs were applied to study the differences and dynamic of soil microbial quantity and activity in a long-term localization field test in Hailun agroecological experimental station, Chinese Academy of Sciences.The study of the microbial quantity indicated that fertilizer was advantageous to the bacterium, the fungus and actinomyces, in which organic fertilizer was the most notable, suitable water condition promoted the growing of the bacterium, the fungus and actinomyces. The results of studying the quantity of superiority fungus showed that fertilizer promoted the quantity of the Trichoderma and Fusarium, suitable water condition benefited to the metabolism activity of Fusarium.The results of studying the microbial activity and metabolism function showed that fertilizer enhanced the abundance of microbial, the function multiplicity and the uniformity in soil, in which organic fertilizer was the most notable, suitable water condition benefited to the microbial multiplicity and the abundance in soil.The results of the microbial function multiple indicated that, the fungi characteristic fat acid was the highest in no fertilizer condition, organic fertilizer was the lowest; The bacterium characteristic fatty acid was the lowest in no fertilizer condition, organic fertilizer was the highest. In the different water conditions, the quantity of fungus characteristic fatty acid in drought water conditions was the lowest, the adequate water condition is the highest; The bacterium characteristic fatty acid was similar, the drought water condition was slightly lower.The results indicated that the number of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria of the natural water treatment was higher than the drought water and adequate treatment, the number of aerobic nitrogens-fixing bacteria and denitrifying bacteria of the drought water treatment was higher,fertilization promoted the growth of the three types of bacterial physiological groups, in which the application of manure with chemical fertilizer increased significantly, the number of denitrifying bacteria was similar, the bacteria number of chemical fertilizer with manure treatment was slightly higher.