Evaluation Of Growth And Fruiting Characteristics Of14Castanea Henryi Varieties In South Hunan

Castanea henryi is an important woody grain tree in south of China. Taking14Castanea henryi varieties as materials, growth, fructification and photosynthetic physiological of them are studied systematically through the application of field investigation, analysis of fruit and measurement of photosynthesis method means, and then14Castanea henryi varieties are comprehensive analyzed and evaluated. All those are in aimed at selecting the best varieties on comprehensive performance in southern Hunan. The results are as follows:1. Castanea henryi growth traits surveys indicate that:Growth traits have big differences between different varieties and their growth characters model is different. Height of Chushuhong grafted seedling has the highest net growth with115.98cm among all of varieties the grafting seeding. While, height of Wenyanghong grafted seedling has the lowest net growth with35.82cm; Grafted seedlingss of Youzhen diameter net growth with8.54mm is the highest, while grafted seedling of Wenyanghong diameter net growth with3.77mm is the lowest; Height of Caizhen has the highest net growth with172cm, but Huangzhen’s height has the lowest net growth with88cm; Youzhen diameter net growth with90.51mm is the highest, while Wukechangmang diameter net growth with26.42mm is the lowest; Grafting seedling survival rates have differences between different varieties that the survival rates of Chushuhong, Tiezhen, Youzhen and Bailuzi were more than90%, besides, the survival rates of Changmangzi, Wukechangmang, Manzhen, Houreizi, Caizhen, Maisaizi were between80%and90%, and Wenyanghong, Beizhen, Maozhen survival rates were between70%and80%, while, Huangzhen survival rate was the lowest only with67%. Through the clustering analysis system,14varieties can be divided into three categories:the first category represented by Youzhen, Tiezhen that grafting seedling had the highest growth, thickest ground diameter, and adult tree also had the highest height and thickest stem diameter. The second type represented by Huangzhen, grafting seedling growth indices was the lowest and adult tree growth characters was in the middle. The third class represented by Bailuzi grafting seedling growth indices was in the middle and adult tree growth characters indices was the lowest. 2. Castanea henryi fructification charaters analysis indicate that:14varieties of fruit weight, yield, fruit shape index, nutrition ingredient and so on carries on the comprehensive analysis and Starch, fat, fresh water content, soluble sucar, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, weight of single fruit, yield per plant, Fe, Ca, Mg, Cu, and K content, a total of15properties’ weight value are calculated. The rank of14varieties integrated assessment values from high to low are as follows:Youzhen, Wenyanghong, Chushuhong, Houreizi, Huangzhen, Manzhen, Maozhen, Tiezhen, Maisaizi, Bailuzi, Beizhen, Changmangzi, Wukechangmang and Caizhen.3. Studies on Castanea henryi photosynthetic characteristics show that: Maximum net photosynthetic rates on14varieties range from5.42to11.97μmol/(m2-s), and Pnmax of Tiezhen is the highest, while, Pnmax of Wenyanghong is the lowest; Photosynthetic rate range from912.276to1104.381μmol/(m2-s), PAR range of Chushuhong is the greastest, while PAR range of Wukechangmang is the least; The yield per plan significantly and negatively correlated with daily average of electron transport rate, Fv/Fm and photosynthetic rate.4. Comprehensive evaluation shows that:10major economic indicators, including adult tree heights and stem diameters, grafted seedling survival rates, fruit starch content, fresh water, weight of single fruit content, yield per plant, Fe content and total suCar content, fruit shape index and so on, are comprehensive assessed by using DTOPSIS.14Castanea henryi varieties comprehensive evaluation values from high to low are as follows:Chushuhong, Tiezhen, Changmangzi, Youzhen, Bailuzi, Wukechangmang, Manzhen, Caizhen, Maisaizi, Houreizi, Maozhen, Huangzhen, Wenyanghong, Beizhen. Growth and fructification charaters of Chushuhong, Tiezhen and Changmangzi have the optimal performance in southern region of Hunan.