| In recent years, application of biochar in agriculture has become a hot research at home and abroad, and the study of biochar as a fertilizer carrier, The biological carbon has become a new topic in the application of agriculture. In this paper, the biological carbon fertilizer treatment settings up different application level, Compared with the conventional fertilization, to analyze the biological carbon fertilizer on soil properties, maize growth and water fertilizer use on Hetao Irrigation District, to provide the scientific basis for biochar application in Hetao Irrigation District. This research conclusion is as follows:1. Application of biological carbon fertilizer improved on soil properties, With the increase of fertilizer on application the topsoil bulk density decreased but the topsoil moisture showed elevated posture. Description biochar fertilizer improved on the soil pore structure, While a certain extent, improve the soil’s water holding capacity. Biological carbon fertilizer effect on the regulation of topsoil temperature, in the early growth of corn, without irrigation and rainfall conditions, mainly to increase the soil temperature, Conducive to the initial growth of maize; and after the start of irrigation, mainly to reduce the soil temperature, helps to reduce evaporation and retain water, Effect of biochar fertilizer on soil temperature is more conducive to the growth of maize.2. Biochar fertilizer on soil fertility has improved significantly effect, Compared with pre sowing soil nutrient content in maize, Biochar application of fertilizer can improve post-harvest topsoil organic matter, available P and available K content, Alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen content reduced to vary with the increase of fertilizer, but not significant. Through the analysis on the yield of maize, the possible reasons are the biological carbon fertilizer promoted the absorption of nitrogen in corn, thereby reducing the content of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen.3. Analysis of biological carbon fertilizer on maize growth adaptability, mainly from maize growth and yield effects were evaluated in two ways. From the perspective of maize growth indicators, overall biochar fertilizer can promote the growth of maize, can effectively increase the corn stem diameter, leaf area, and leaf chlorophyll content, even can delay the corn plant wilt. For plant height index, at the early growth stage of maize, biochar fertilizer plant height decreased, but with the growth period of the advance, the height difference between conventional fertilization decreases. And for the yield of corn, biochar fertilizer on corn aboveground dry matter accumulation has promoted,60%reduction in nutrient inputs condition, economic yield of maize decreased but not significantly difference,30%decrease in the nutrient input conditions, corn economic yield has increased slightly, while in the other nutrient input corn economic yield conditions were significantly increased,2012-2013increased by22.47%and14.82%.4. Application of biological carbon fertilizer can effectively improve water and fertilizer use efficiency of Maize, the biological carbon fertilizer can effectively promote the absorption of moisture and fertilizer utilization of corn, at the same time, also have certain effect to improve economic benefit.Experiments show that application of biological carbon fertilizer to improve soil structure and increasing the soil moisture content and the ground temperature regulation have a good effect.At the same time on maize growth and yield have a positive role in promoting. Compared with the conventional fertilization, application of biological carbon fertilizer, especially under the condition of nutrient input30%and equal nutrient inputs,can increase water use efficiency and utilization rate of fertilizer, also has a certain degree of improvement on economic benefit. Therefore, application of biological carbon fertilizer on the realization of Hetao irrigation water saving, save the fertilizer, increase yield and important significance to sustainable development of Agriculture. |
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