A Study On The Ancient Turpan Karez Engineering Technology And Measuring Method

Turpan Karez is the great Hydraulic Engineering that was created by the ancientworking people for the purpose of dealing with the scurviness drought climate in ournation. This irrigating system has been used to fetch the underground water to thesurface. Turpan Karez was created for long time ago and it has a certain referencevalue and far-reaching historic meaning on historical and cultural studies,and it alsohas remarkable effect to social economic development of Turpan region and witnessto the evolution of local oasis ecological environment. In order to make itunderstandable to the people and to protect the precious asset,it demands us to furtherstudy on it. If we could do that then we make it more useful for the people`s daily lifeand could increase its productivity too.In this study,we choose the Xinjiang Turpan region as studying area makingresearch on Turpan Karez`s engineering surveying technology by suing of relativedocuments,interview and field investigation method,etc. The investigation of TurpanKarez measurement method, the main conclusions are as follows:1）From the perspective of traditional surveying systems studied Turpan Karezconstruction project,systematically,and by studying from exploration to measureaspects of mining technology,we acquired the relatively accurate measurementmethods and ancient and simple measurement tools used for digging and detectingancient Karez.2）When the ancient people measuring the altitude difference between the oldwell and water outlet they used the water surface method to do it which find a vesselthat full of water then measured the altitude difference when the water stay static.3）The ancient time,the method and steps of altitude surveying was started withthe selection of well location and then applying the visual inspection method toorientation of processing line. By using of pacing method in rectilinear direction chose the assumed position of the shaft; engaging latitude measurement fromdownstream to upstream based on water surface method compared it with groundwater depth. If the ground water location is lower than water outlet,it indicates thewater could not come out. So,the artisan have to move to the upstream for finding anew ground water source. Until the depth of assumed old well and ground waterlocation got a match and supply water to surface.special academic value and meaning on enrich and perfection of Turpan Karezresearch data,discuss the developmental history of Water conservancy science andtechnology of our nation and analytical research on the origin and spread; and providecomplete authenticate materials for domestic and oversea study on digging technologyand surveying method contrast.