Effects Of Sulfur Application On Water And Nitrogen Utilization And Grain Yield In Winter Wheat

Under the field conditions, the research set that different nitrogen levelsand sulfur, different irrigation times and sulfur experiments, and analysis the effectivesulfur of soil content by different ecological regions in Henan province soil,particularly,the current farmland of soil effective sulfur state in the main ecologicalregions in Henan province. and has been clear about the different nitrogen levels andsulfur on the soil mineralization nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen utilization and the matteraccumulation changed and operation characteristics; Clarified under the different irrigationthe sulfur on the water consumption characteristics and matter accumulation and theproduction regulation effects on the winter wheat, in order to realize high yield and highefficiency provide reasonable irrigation and fertilizer reference. The main results were asfollows:1. Henan province soil effective sulfur contentTaking the Xinxiang, Kaifeng, Shangqiu, Zhoukou, Zhumadian and Luoyang et al,13citys of the Henan province, the soil available sulfur measured result showed that, the soildeficiency and potential sulfur for81.04%in Henan province. Therefore, based on theminimum limiting factors and nutrient balance infer that we should pay attention to sulfurfertilizer application, when N P K fertilizer application; In the sulfur deficiency soil, noticethe sulfur fertilization application can complement the lack of sulfur, increase theproduction; Higher N application area, increasing the sulfur also can balance of the soilnutrients, and having important significance to further increase the yield in winter wheat.2. The effects of nitrogen and sulfur combined application on matter accumulationand the yield formation in winter wheatThe results show that, with increasing of N application the dry matter accumulationsignificantly increased, on the same N application condition, sulfur increased dry matteraccumulation significantly, the mature period, the peak dry matter accumulation was19660.23kg/hm2in N360S60, significantly higher than other treatments. In addition,N240S60> N360, N180S60> N240, shows that adding S application and reducing Napplication measures, can also achieve higher dry matter accumulation. Per-bloom drymatter transportation have different performance with the N application increasing, addingS can promote per-bloom dry matter storage of vegetative organs transportation, sulfur and appropriate N application can promote the pre-bloom dry matter storage and after anthesisdry matter operation input to the grain. Appropriate N application and increasing sulfurcould significantly increase grain yield, over high N application will be reduce theproduction, under the high nitrogen conditions adding the sulfur can increase grain yield,but did not change the grain yield decreased trend.3. The effects of sulfur and nitrogen combined application on soil nitrogenaccumulation and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheatThe results show that, with growth period, the soil nitrogen accumulation showeddecline trend, the highest soil nitrogen accumulation in wintering stage, and in the matureperiod of the lowest, with the N application rate increasing the soil nitrogen accumulationshowed increasing trend, in the early of the birth, the higher N application rate, the greatersoil nitrogen accumulation, the S application added the soil nitrogen accumulation;Anthesis and mature period, the different effect of sulfur under different nitrogen levels,the overall performance that, when N application rate is low, sulfur was reduced soilnitrogen accumulation, when N application rate is high, sulfur was increased the soilnitrogen accumulation; Overall, the soil nitrogen mineralization behaved S application lessthan no S application in soil layer of0-120cm in mature, S application reduced the soilnitrogen mineralization in the root layer soil, while sulfur increasing of soil nitrogenmineralization by the deepen layer.4. Under the different irrigation the effect of sulfur and nitrogen combinedapplication on matter accumulation and nitrogen utilization in winter wheatThe dry matter accumulation significantly increased with irrigation water increasing,nitrogen and sulfur were significantly increased dry matter accumulation. Under thedrought stress (W0&W1), sulfur has a significant effect on dry matter accumulation,increasing sulfur can significantly improve the dry matter accumulation when water deficit.Promoted the pre-bloom dry matter storage distribution to the grain in drought treatment,improved of pre-bloom dry matter storage transportation and contribution to the grain.Under water stress, sulfur can increase the number of spikes and grains number to increaseproduction, with the increase of N application the number of ears and grains are increased,the grain weight is a downward trend. The effect of N application is mainly based on anumber of spikes and grains number and S application is mainly base on the numberspikes to improve wheat yield.With the growth period, the aboveground nitrogen accumulated performance“slow-rapid-slow” growth characteristics. Before the jointing stage has no obvious difference between the different process, the amounts of nitrogen accumulated is graduallyincreasing differences in the jointing stage. With the increasing irrigation, nitrogenaccumulation showed that the nitrogen partial factor productivity, nitrogen agronomicefficiency and the Internal efficiency increasing trend, S application significantlyimproved nitrogen utilization efficiency, nitrogen partial factor productivity, nitrogenInternal efficiency and nitrogen agriculture efficiency; Reasonable irrigation, nitrogen andsulfur can promote the overground nitrogen accumulation and improve the nitrogenutilization efficiency.5. Under the different irrigation the effect of nitrogen and sulfur combinedapplication on soil moisture, water consumption and water utilization in0-180cm soillayerResults show that, the soil water content was increased first and lower after trendalong with the deepening of soil layer, fertilizer can reduce the0-90cm soil moisture in theearly fertility stage, irrigation can significantly improve the soil water content inelongation stage, nitrogen and sulfur reduces the soil moisture content; sulfur improve60-120cm soil moisture content under the nitrogen condition, irrigation, nitrogen andsulfur can promote anthesis period root absorption and utilization moisture in depth soillayer. The60-150cm soil layer moisture increased at anthesis irrigation, anthesis tomaturity, the deep soil water was a main consumption.When the irrigation times increasing the field water consumption is increased, thewater consumption is the opposite trend, nitrogen and sulfur significantly increased fieldwater consumption, production water use efficiency and soil store water consumption,improved the proportion of soil store water consumption, increased the irrigation andprecipitation water use efficiency; Irrigation was beneficial to the improvement of the fieldwater consumption, not conducive to make full use of precipitation and irrigation,nitrogen and sulfur increase the field water consumption and water use efficiency underwater sufficient conditions, reduce the soil store water consumption and the proportion ofthe precipitation consumption, when soil moisture is insufficient, the nitrogen reduces thefield water consumption, but the sulfur is increase the field water consumption, soil storewater consumption and consumption proportion; So, the reasonable water managementcan not only reduce the water consumption is invalid, can also increase the precipitationand soil store water use efficiency, realize the higher water use efficiency.Comprehensive analysis the effect of irrigation, nitrogen and sulfur combinedapplication on material production, grain yield formation, aboveground nitrogen accumulation and the water, nitrogen use efficiency, combined with the local soil fertilityconditions, choosing appropriate irrigation, nitrogen and sulfur has important significanceon high grain yield of winter wheat and efficient utilization of resources. In thisexperimental conditions, sulfur60kg/hm2and nitrogen180-240kg/hm2, and combinedwith irrigation1-2times, can realize integral improvement of the grain yield and water,nitrogen use efficiency.