Continuous Cropping On Physiological Characteristics In Kidney Bean And Soil Environment Effect

Beans is not only one of China’s major edible beans, but also an important exportcommodity and an important food resource development, it has high edible and medicinalvalue. However, the slow progress of research and poor kidney beans production levelshampered the development of its industry, especially in recent years with the development ofthe economy and the industry, declining arable land and original climatic factors, traditionalcultivation and market demand resulted in the production of beans widespread croppingphenomenon, which affects the yield and quality. Therefore, the study of kidney bean plantscropping on physiological characteristics and soil environment, which can reveal themechanism of continuous cropping obstacles, in order to explore high yield and quality ofbeans cropping patterns and promote the development of China’s arid region beans.The study use black beans as the test material which is commonly grown varieties ofbeans areas. And set of four treatment, namely cropping for2year (T1), cropping for4year(T2), rotation for1year (T3) rotation for2year (T4). After flowering beans regularlymeasured some key indicators. Such as Dry matter、Active oxygen metabolism leaves、rootactivity、N metabolism and other physiological characteristics、soil microbial community、soil enzyme activity、changes in soil nutrients as soon on. And explores the impact ofcontinuous cropping soil characteristics and environmental effects of kidney physiology, andthe contribution of the main indicators of the value of production done research and analysis.Draw the following main conclusions:(1) Compared with the rotation, cropping beans significantly reduced dry matteraccumulation and grain yield, and with the increase in short-term even as age, kidney beansdry matter accumulation and grain yield decreased. Kidney bean grain yield is now: T4> T3>T1> T2.(2) Compared with the rotation, cropping significantly reduced leaf area, chlorophyll andsoluble protein content, and increased functionality leaves oxygen free radicals, MDA content.Cropping compared with the increase in short-term continuous cropping, green leaf area andSOD activity declining, chlorophyll、soluble protein content and oxygen radical rising. Thisshows the cropping in a short time for kidney function and development of leaf growth is notsustained inhibition, inhibition of individual indicators fluctuated. (3) Compared with the rotation, cropping significantly reduced kidney bean plant rootfresh weight, root volume, root to shoot ratio, to a certain extent inhibited the beans rootactivity and make rhizobium premature loss of activity in the mid-fertility; cropping beansfunctional nitrate reductase activity decreased rapidly after flowering time, resulting ininsufficient supply of N in functional leaves in the short term, so thegrain filling of beans andthe yield are affected.(4) Cpping soybean fields significantly affect the soil microbial community, soil enzymeactivity and soil nutrient content, and between soil microbes and soil nutrients, soil nutrientsand soil enzymes were significantly correlated. Compared with the rotation, croppingsuppress the number of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, especially in the more significantinhibition of seedling, and the soil fungal-bacterial ratio gradually transformed,(5) Indicators measured analysis using principal component analysis, the results obtainedin this way is T4> T3> T1> T2, The T4score is4.144, the T3score is0.493, so the most ofthe indicators on the wheel as a positive effect; The T2score is-0.181, the T1score is-4.279,So cropping indicators is the negative effects, and cropping longer for life, the lower the score.It can be seen, despite continuous cropping on various physiological indicators of kidneybeans are not exactly the same, but the final composite score showed a negative effect fromthe kidney bean yields and longer continuous cultivation, the higher the negative effects,indicating that the longer the continuous cultivation of continuous cropping time the strongerinhibition of the growth of kidney beans.Comprehensive showed that, compared with the rotation, cropping beans farmingappears certain obstacles caused by continuous cropping and soil microbial communityactivity and led to changes in soil nutrient imbalance. Due to environmental degradation insoil and plant root activity decreased kidney growth, so the growth of stems and leaves do notget enough nutrients and function of activated oxygen metabolism disorders, acceleratedaging, and ultimately decreased photosynthetic capacity and reduce dry matter accumulation,resulting in grain production.