The Analysis And Conservation Suggestion For Plant Diversity Of Northeastern China

Northeast forest region is China’s largest natural forest, the Woodland area are4.75million hm2, the forest area4.09million hm2,the forest stock reaches about3.4billion m3, it is one of the most important forest areas in China. As excessive development in recent centuries,the forest vegetation is serious damaged,ecological environment is deteriorated badly, species numbers declined sharply, ecological system continued to change.Therefore,we conduct background survey on Northeast forest plant diversity,carry on a long-term dynamic monitoring and evaluate the forest plant diversity scientifically,which is very significant and urgent.This study is based on Northeast forest resource data which are collected in field study in recent4years,we use methods and principles on vegetation ecology,multiple use knowledge on plant taxonomy,phytogeography, phytocoenology,conservation biology and thoroughly research on the status quo of Northeast forest plant diversity, we evaluate protection of endangered plants in the Northeast.The result can provide scientific basis for protection and utilizes of Northeast forest plant diversity.The result shows that there are142families,683genera and2325species (including varietiesand forms) of vascular plants in Northeast forest region,they account for39.01%,20.42%and7.73%of that in China vascular plants;we record a new specie(Gentiana hsinganica J. H. Yu),a new variety (Pulsatilla turczaninovii Kry.l et Serg. var. fissasepalum J.H. Yu),two Chinese new record species(Smilacina bicolor Nakai and Pseudostellaria angustifolia Y Lee),a new distribution family (Phytolaccaceae),eight new distribution species (Aquilegia yabeana Kitag.,Ajuga linearifolia Pamp.,Polygonatum desoulayi Kom.,Phytolacca acinosa、 Anemone cathayensis,Lysimachia clethroides,Vicia villosa and Pimpinella brachycarpa).For the whole plots we investigated and the representative communities of northeastern China, there is the positive relationship between the longitude and latitude and species richness, diversity and evenness, respectively. The forests of eastern areas of studied region have the largest number of species and the most complicated spatial pattern. The plant diversity of northeast China has the obvious characteristic of geographical distribution for providing the solid theory foundation for the conservation and utilization of plant diversity in northeast China.We found the number and rank of endangered plants of Changbaishan is the largest, however, the conservation ability of Fenghuangshan is the largest through the assessment of ability of each country nature reserve to conserve the plant diversity. The rank of ability of all the nature reserves to protect the ecosystem-types is:forest ecosystem> wild plants ecosystem> wetland ecosystem for the purpose of theory of evaluation and planning of nuture reserves in the future. Combining with the results of plant diversity, the conservation measures will be put forward.