Analysis On The Diversity Of Pests Of Ex Situ Plants In Southern China Botanical Garden

Insect is not only an important part of biological resources,but also an important indicator of the ecological balance and biodiversity.It plays an important role in biological control,plant pollination,medicinal value,agricultural production and so on.Pest diversity is one of the indicators which reflected the natural resources and their conservation status.Carrying out the relevant studies are of great significance to following aspects,such as protecting insect diversity and the ecological environment,promoting the production of agriculture and forestry.From the year of 2013 to 2016,the author investigated the insect pests about plant ex situ conservation in Southern China Botanical Garden(SCBG Guangdong).Through pest census,indoor rearing,specimen arrangement and identification,diversity analysis,following results are obtained by this study:According to the investigation,the paper summed up the insect pests roster of SCBG.842 species were recorded,belonging to 8 orders,96 families and 602 genera,including 37 families and 346 genera and 509 species of Lepidoptera;Among them 11 families and 75 genera and 93 species of Coleoptera;31 families and 138 genera and 185 species of Hemiptera;2 families and 17 genera and 23 species of Thysanoptera;8 families and 14 genera and 19 species of Orthoptera;4 families and 8 genera and 9 species of Hymenoptera;2 families and 3 genera and 3 species of Isoptera;1 family 1 genera and 1 species of Diptera.The statistics and analysis about insect pest community species in SCBG indicate that Lepidoptera is the most abundant species which accounted for 60.4%,next in importance is Hemiptera and Coleoptera,which accounted for 22% and 11%.Noctuidae,Pyralidae and Sphingidae are the dominant families in Lepidoptera;Pentatomidae,Coreidae and Aphididae are the dominant families in Hemiptera;Cerambycidae,Chrysomelidae and Curculionidae are the dominant families in Coleoptera.Through the investigation and comparison of the pests over these years in SCBG,the author found that a part of potential threat of pests translated into the main threat,such as Icerya aeguptica Denny,Milionia basalis pryeri Druce,Pseudophacopteron alstonium Yang et Li,Xenysmoderes longirostris Hustache,Scopelodes testacea Butler,Thalassodes quadraria Guenee and Sarbanissa albifascia Walker become more and more serious.Morphological features,damage characteristics,occurrence,host etc.of above species were observed and described.Richness index,dominance index,diversity index,evenness index were used to study the diversity of Lepidoptera which already be identified.According to the analysis,moths in Noctuidae(d=12.77),Pyralididae(d=9.96)and Sphingidae(d=8.74)with higher richness index,diversity index and evenness index of moths were H′=1.831 and J′=0.223;butterflies in Nymphalidae(d=6.30)and Papilionidae(d=5.57)with higher richness index,diversity index and evenness index of butterflies were H′=1.924 and J′=0.304,the above five families constitute the dominant families of Lepidoptera in SCBG.