Effects Of Irrigation And Fertilizaton On The Growth Of Maize And Wue In The Nile Delta Of Egypt

In this paper, the university of Suez Canal which located in the Nile delta in Egypt’s isthe experimental base, with corn as test crops, studied the impact of different irrigationmethods (conventional furrow irrigation, drip irrigation, bubbler), fertilization,(liquid-organicfertilizer (O: spraying quantity:208L/hm2), high fertilizer (H: N399-P2O5160-K2O80kg/hm2), middle fertilizer (M: N319-P2O5128-K2O64kg/hm2), low fertilizer (L: N239-P2O596-K2O48kg/hm2)) on the of maize growth, yield and water use, on this basis, alsocarried on a irrigation and fertilization comparison test for four maize varieties (C1: Luoyu3,C2: Zhengdan958E1: Gize Trihypried352, E2: Individual hypried30n11).The followingconclusions have been obtained:(1)The effect on maize growth and soil moisture under different irrigation methods andfertilizationUnder the same Irrigation methods and different fertilization condition, the maize plantheight and leaf areas from high to low in turn is: organic fertilizer> middle fertilization> lowfertilization> high fertilization, and the height and leaf areas with organic fertilizr increasesignificantly than high fertilization. Under different irrigation methods, the height of maizeplant with organic fertilizer in jointing stage is higher than high fertilizer about8.7%~16.5%,10.6%~15.2%in tasseling stage, significantly increased by5.5%~7.9%in filling stage,significantly increased by5.5%~8.5%in mature period; The leaf areas of maize with organicfertilizer in jointing stage is higher than high fertilizer about13.1%~40.5%,19.1%~39.7%in tasseling stage, significantly increased by16.2%~40.5%in filling stage, significantlyincreased by15.3%~40.7%in mature period. As to the stem diameter, Under the sameirrigation methods, the maize stem diameter with different fertilizer is no significant change.The corn fresh weight from high to low in turn is: organic fertilizer> middle fertilizer>low fertilizer> high fertilizer. Under different irrigation methods, the fresh weight withorganic fertilizer in jointing stage is higher than high fertilization about11.7%~32.3%,14.8%~23.4%in tasseling stage, significantly increased by12.7%~24.7%in filling stage,significantly increased by13.9%~20.9%in mature period.The corn yield with organic fertilizer is higher than high fertilizer, middle fertilizer, lowfertilizer and respectively increased by31.7%~61.2%,14.0%~25.6%and16.1%~ 30.9%.The corn yield with middle fertilization is higher than high fertilizer and low fertilizerrespectively increased by9.1%~27.6%,5.0%~22.4%.Different irrigation methods on soil water distribution consistent.With the increase ofthe depth, the soil moisture content first increased than decreased, peaked at20to30cm, andin horizontal direction away from the drop head or groove, the soil moisture content is low.Study of water use efficiency, the water use efficiency of Bubbler2and Bubbler4is higherthan drip irrigation by9.1%~31.9%,14.1%~25.7%, and higher than furrow irrigation by49.6%~65.2%,45.0%~58.3%, the water use efficiency of drip irrigation is higher than thefurrow irrigation about17.7%~38.7%.(2)The influence of different irrigation methods and varieties on maize growthUnder the same irrigation methods with different corn varieties,the plant height exceptthe seedling from high to low in turn is E1> E2> C2> C1, C1, C2and E2is poor. Underdifferent irrigation methods, in jointing stage the maize plant height of E1is higher than C1,C2and E2than17.1%~19.1%,7.7%~12.3%and8.6%~19.5%, tasseling stage weresignificantly increased by44.4%~51.2%,31.8%~35.5%and11.7%~14.9%, filling stagewere significantly increased by53.5%~55.2%,38.3%~40.1%, the mature period weresignificantly increased56.2%~56.6%,37.6%~41.3%and19.5%~22.3%.Between different maize varieties under the same irrigation methods, thick stems almostno significant difference. Under the same irrigation methods and different corn varieties,theleaf area except the seedling stage and jointing stage from high to low in turn is E1> E2>C2> C1.Under different irrigation methods,the corn yield of E1is higher C1,C2and E2,respectively increased by77.5%~105.3%,69.4%~95.0%and54.2%~62.5%, the maizeyield of E2is significantly higher than C1and C2, respectively increased15.1%~26.3%,9.8%~20.0%.