Anatomical Study Of Fruit Setting And Male And Female Gametophytes In ’lapins’ Of Prunus Avium L.

Cherry is a genus of plants of Rosaceae.It has120avarieties, mostly distributed in thetemperate regions of the northern hemisphere. In the world the cultivated species are Prunuspseudo cerasus,Lindley, Prunus tomentosa Thunb, Prunus avium Linn and Prunus cerasusLinn. Prunus avium Linn is for fresh fruit, Prunus cerasus Linn is used for processing.Prunus pseudo cerasus,Lindley and Prunus tomentosa Thunb cultivated area are relativelyless than Prunus cerasus Linn and Prunus avium Linn.China’s current application in theproduction of cherry cultivation are mainly Prunus pseudo cerasus,Lindley and Prunus aviumLinn.‘Lapins’ is the breeding of Prunus avium Linn in Canada,parents are Van and Stella.‘Lapins’is a variety that has strong ability of self-pollination. The fruit has good quality,withlarge fruit size, high concentration sugar and high fruit firmness which good for transport.But in production we found the seed setting rate of ‘Lapins’is pretty low. In thisexperiment,’Lapins’、’ Sunburst ’、‘Prunus mahaleb CDR-1’ are used as material, studying theseed setting rate of them on natural pollination and analyzing the anatomy reasons of the lowsetting rate of ‘Lapins’.Using the technology of paraffin wax slice to study the developmentprocess of female and male gametophyte. Conclusions are as follows:(1) The seed setting rate of ‘Lapins’ is30.7%,’ Sunburst ’ is66.8%,‘Prunus mahalebCDR-1’ is81.2%.The fruit setting rate through natural pollination of ‘Lapins’ was obviouslylower than those of‘Sunburst’ and‘Prunus mahaleb’；(2) There are different types of aborted male gametophytes of ‘Lapins’,very few pollensin the pollen sacs，pollen sac withered in the cavity and the tapetum cells did not degeneratein some anthers at the stage of pollen maturity，which resulted in the pollens difficult todisperse and male gametophyte abortion：(3) At the stage of megaspore mother cell development of ‘Lapins’, femalegametophytes were observed to form no megaspores or developed poorly.(4) The male gametophyte development begins around March1st and reaches maturityaround March14th. Female gametophyte development is relatively late, starts around March 12th and reaches maturity around March25th. It shows that the male gametophyte and femalegametophyte of‘Lapins’ develop in two different stages.