Effects Of Three Pruning Methods On Fruit Quality And Yield Of Prunus Avium L. ’Jimei’

Sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.)is a subgenus of Prunus in Rosaceae,is a deciduous fruit tree.Its fruit is colorful,sour and sweet,and rich in nutrition.It is popular among the public and has a good market prospect.High quality,high yield and standardized tree shape are the premise for the healthy development of cherry industry.The export of cherry is almost zero due to the lack of cherry varieties that has a long storage life and can be transported.Sweet cherry’Jimei’has the characteristics of late ripening fruit,good fruit firmness and quality,long storage life and suitable for transportation,drought resistance,salt and alkali resistance,crack resistance,strong and firm root,suitable for cultivating in the southern Weibei,Guanzhong,southern Shaanxi and other similar areas.At present,the study on the relationship between the suitable pruning system and yield for the sweet cherry variety’Jimei’has not been reported.Therefore,in this study,the sweet cherry variety’Jimei’was used as experimental material.In order to provide guidance for the cultivation of new sweet cherry variety’Jimei’,this paper studied the effects of three newly developed pruning methods,namely Super Slender Spindle System(4S shape),UFO(Upright Fruiting Offshoots)and "V" Type Pruning System,on the effects of the morphological indexes,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,leaf area,fruit quality and yield of sweet cherry’Jimei’.Specific research results are as follows:1.According to the comparative analysis of morphological indexes,leaf chlorophyll content and photosynthetic characteristics,the height,stem diameter,crown diameter,three kinds of chlorophyll content and four kinds of photosynthetic characteristics of the 4S shape were the highest,the "V" Type Pruning System was the lowest,and the UFO was in the middle.2.According to the comparison of leaf area,the leaf area per plant was significantly higher in the 4S shape than in UFO and "V" Type Pruning System under three pruning methods,and the leaf area per 667 m~2 of "V" Type Pruning System was significantly higher than that of the 4S shape and UFO.3.According to the comparison of fruit quality and yield,the single fruit weight and the soluble solid content of the 4S shape were significantly higher than those of UFO and "V" Type Pruning System,while the fruit firmness of the three pruning methods had no significant difference.The yield per plant of the three pruning methods was the 4S shape was significantly higher than that of UFO and "V" Type Pruning System,and the yield per 667 m~2 of "V" Type Pruning System was significantly higher than that of 4S shape and UFO.4.Through the preliminary study of the correlation between chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate(Pn),there was a positive correlation between the chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate of three pruning methods of’Jimei’and the net photosynthetic rate of’Jimei’increased with the increase of the chlorophyll content of leaves.There was a significant positive correlation between the leaf area per 667m~2 and the yield per 667m~2 among the three pruning methods.5.Based on the characteristics of 4S shape,UFO and"V"Type Pruning System,and the measurement results of various indicators in this study,we can know that when garden planting,we should comprehensively select the appropriate pruning method based on the economic conditions of the growers,the geographical and climatic conditions of the cherry orchard,and some other planting needs.If it is planted in the field,it requires higher yield per plant and fruit quality,this tree shape is relatively higher,this tree shape is relatively high in shaping and pruning techniques.The management cost of drawing branch is higher.However,fewer trees are planted per 667m~2,and there is no need to build a support system,so the cost of garden construction is low.If it is planted in greenhouses,the tree body needs to be dwarfied and mature in advance,which is convenient for labor-saving cultivation and management,UFO can be selected.However,it requires high technical level of the manager,the number of seedlings planted in 667m~2 is large,and the support system is required,and the early investment is large.If it is planted in field or in greenhouse,hope early results,early fertility,every 667m~2 production quickly reaching a higher level,and require it convenient for labor-saving cultivation management.When the management technology is easy to master,"V"Type Pruning System cultivation mode can be chosen,but this tree has the largest number of seedlings per 667m~2,requires a support system,and the cost of early garden construction is relatively highest.