Research On The Photosynthetic Characteristic Parameters And Palynology Of 20 Paeonia Lactiflora Varieties

Paeonia lactiflora Pall. is ranunculaceae paeonia lactiflora herbaceous flower, which is the traditional flower that has a long history in China. Some varieties have sweet smell which often fascinates us, and it has all kinds of flower color and types, therefore the cut flower material widely popular both at home and abroad. Widely used in medical, the botanical garden application and ornamental plants, as cut flower application gradually attention in recent years, the development prospects and existing cultivars traits(such as pattern, color,size, peduncle length, flower stalk orthostatic, leaf texture, blade gloss, etc.) do not accord with standard, the application of cut flowers is currently limited peony cut flower production and sales of one of the bottlenecks, cultivate suitable for used as the standard of cut peony varieties, is to be solved in the production of cut flowers. Terefore foster peony cut flowers new varieties, improve the quality of peony cut flowers, rich species of herbaceous peony cut flowers is a big trend for the development of peony cut flowers, is also a path to carry out the work of peony cut flowers.This experiment choose natural conditions of artificial cultivation among 20 varieties as experimental object, by phenophase, photosynthetic characteristics,pollen, electron microscope three aspects to make comprehensive evaluation to peony varieties. On the one hand the test could provide practical reference for the cultivation and maintenance of different varieties, on the other hand, studying on the photosynthetic characteristics of 20 varieties can provide theoretical and practical basis which is benefit for the relevant optical research work. At the same time it could also provide theoretical basis for breeding hybrid flowers parents.Morphological characteristics and flowering characteristics survey indicators include:design, color, flowering stems, with or without light, pattern, the number of petals, the design and color, plant height, flower diameter, flower petal texture, the honey.We chose 20 varieties of Paeonia lactiflora as experimental materials. Through dynamic monitoring four kinds of photosynthetic characteristic parameters, comparative study was carried on photosynthetic characteristics in different varieties. The results showed that: all the Paeonia lactiflora cultivars of Pn shows a mono-peak curve, the peak value appeared about at12:00; In different varieties of Gs value is small different in different varieties during the all day, the trend of Gs curves in different varieties is also consistent; The Ci showed the highestdiurnal variation at 8:00, while reduce to the 12:00, then rise from 12:00 to 18:00, which was on the opposite trend compare with the Pn; The Tr of 20 Paeonia lactiflora species show a mono-peak curve, and the peak value appears at 12:00 and keep the change trend of‘low-high-low’. The net photosynthetic rate increased almost linearly and the maximum efficiency of light energy conversion when the photosynthetically active radiation in the range of 0~400μmol?m-2s-1among the 20 varieties. In conclusion: the photosynthetic characteristics of different Paeonia lactiflora cultivars have significant difference in the same cultivation conditions. Looking from the overall the 20 peony varieties of Pn, Gs, Tr group size, there are10 varieties of Pn, Gs, Tr among every index is higher, stronger varieties belong to the photosynthetic productivity, they are ‘fenchijinyu’, ‘gaoganhong’, ‘xueyuanhonghua’,‘qingwen’, ‘taohuafeixue’, ‘tianshnhongxing’, ‘dafugui’, ‘xuefeng’, ‘chifen’, ‘qihualushuang’.In comparison: higher varieties more resistant to strong light light saturation point, there are eight varieties ‘xueyuanhonghua’, ‘yangfeichuyu’, ‘fushi’, ‘qingwen’, ‘taohuafeixue’,‘tianshanhongxing’, ‘dafugui’, ‘qingtianlan’. The lower light compensation point, the stronger the negative resistance, light saturation point is lower than shady of resistant varieties,there are seven varieties ‘xueyuanhonghua’, ‘yangfeichuyu’, ‘qingwen’, ‘taohuafeixue’,‘qingtianlan’, ‘chifen’, ‘hongxiuqiu’.In the palynology testing, each species choosing 20 pollen record for measurement and observation of ornamentation, take the average value of polar axis length, equatorial axis length, mesh diameter, ridge width. Data processing was carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics 19 software, in different varieties of pollen polar axis length, the equatorial axis length, length of polar axis / equatorial axial ratio, diameter of perforation, perforation number per unit area, ridge width as the pollen surface ornamentation clustering analysis of the original data, based on system clustering tree chart, make further analysis on the pollen morphology of type varieties. Selected pollen is N3P4C5 contrasting Erdtman NPC classification system, varieties of pollen are round nearly circular symmetrical single pollen grain, polar view is the circular, equatorial view is oval with a circular; For the study of pollen grain surface was relatively smooth, equatorial region near the mesh is quite obvious, the basic types of surface ornamentation of pollen grains for the mesh and holes; Pollen germination organs are concave hole ditch three longitudinal spacing arrangement; according to distinguish pollen size grade will be the 15 cultivars of Paeonia lactiflora pollen grains are divided into middle level and small level two class. Differences between varieties are mainly embodied in the pollen exine sculpture, the relationship among varieties closer, more subtle differences in the above aspects. In the same cluster group, petals morphologicalcharacteristics and the shape of the flower buds of Paeonia lactiflora pollen, scaly bud shape,texture have certain relevance, has no direct relevance and flower types and flower color.To sum up: the 20 varieties of peony in the choice of peony cut flowers hybrid parent,the ‘hongfeng’is not suitable for female parent varieties, that is to say carpels abortive. There are five inappropriate as male parent varieties and their anthers abortive, they are ‘fushi’,‘huguangshanse’, ‘qingwen’, ‘taohuafeixue’, ‘qihualushuang’.Strong photosynthetic productivity has ten varieties, combining with clustering analysis and morphological characteristics and flowering characteristics of investigation, there are three varieties ‘gaoganhong’, ‘dafugui’, ‘tianshnhongxing’. Relationships can be used as a hybrid parent recently for hybridization breeding of new varieties of cut flower.‘fenchijinyu’and ‘xueyuanhonghua’ both bound to a group, recently, genetic relationship, can be selected as hybrid parent.