The Measurement And Analysis Of Growth And Development,slaughter Performance Of Beijing Duck Among Different Strains

The Beijing duck, which has characteristics of fast growth, fresh meat, high feed conversion efficiency, early sexual maturity and strong disease resistance in early period, is one of excellent meat-type domestic ducks in china. Beijing duck is widely raised in our country. The line Z of Beijing duck is a new strain breeding based on the traditional Beijing duck by the Beijing institute of animal sciences, Chinese academy of agricultural sciences. The production performance traits of line Z are very outstanding. The research objectives of my experiment is the three new lines(Z5, Z7 and Z8) of Beijing duck. In this experiment, the body size and the slaughter trait parameters of the three new lines were measured and studied. The difference and correlation among these parameters of three lines of Beijing duck were analyzed. The body weight, body size and slaughter trait paramerters of three lines(Z5, Z7andZ8)were measured. The main objective is to strengthen the breeding of Beijing ducks. To improve the production performance indicators of Beijing duck. It could supply elementary data and basal theoretic foundation for the breeding research, the protection and utilization, the establishment and identification of the Beijing ducks.The line M2 of Beijing duck is a new breeding strain, which was bred by the Beijing institute of animal sciences,Chinese academy of agricultural sciences. Its body is small which is called small Beijing duck. Its production performance traits are very outstanding. The research objectives of my experiment was the line M2 at conservation farm of Beijing duck. Through the following several stages, such as forming family, collecting eggs, hatching, selecting part of male ducks and female ducks at 8 weeks of age, slaughter test. Performance test is the basic step in Beijing duck breeding. In this research, percentage of setting eggs, hatchability of fertile eggs, percentage of healthy chicks, percentage of breast muscle, percentage of leg muscle were analyzed. This research not only can provide scientific data for traditional Beijing duck, but also can provide theoretical basis for the correlational research about duck.The main results of experiment were described as follows:⑴ Breast muscle thickness is very important trait, the difference between the breast muscle thickness trait of line( Z5, Z7) of the male Beijing ducks are extremely significant(P<0.01). the difference between the breast muscle thickness trait of line(Z5, Z8) on the female Beijing ducks are not significant(P>0.05).⑵ The results indicated on the muscle and fat trait parameters of the three new lines of Beijing duck: The difference among percentage of leg muscle parameters of three lines(Z5, Z7andZ8) on Beijing duck are not significant(P>0.05); the difference between the breast muscle parameters of the lineZ5 and lineZ8 are extremely significant(P<0.01).⑶ The results indicated on the slaughter trait parameters of the three new lines of Beijing duck: the live weight, eviscerated weight, carcass weight, leg muscle weight, breast muscle weight trait parameters of line Z5 of Beijing duck is extremely higher than Z7 and Z8.⑷ The C.V value of abdominal fat weight is the largest.⑸ There is moderate correlation among the breast muscle thickness and breast muscle weight of three lines(Z5, Z7andZ8) of new Beijing duck, and the coefficient of correlation is more than 0.5.The results indicated :⑴ There are75 families for F0 general,there are 2382 breeding eggs hatched, hatchability of setting eggs 58.22%, hatchability of fertile eggs 78.51%, fertility 73.33%, percentage of healthy chicks 99%.⑵ Stallion female ducks at 8 weeks of age average weight 1776 g, average breast width 9.61 cm, average fossil bone length 12.16 cm, average breast muscle thickness 1.27 cm, Stallion male duck at 8 weeks of age average weight 2125 g, average breast width 10.11 cm, average fossil bone length 13.00 cm, average breast muscle thickness 1.41 cm.⑶ Determination of slaughter performance of the line M2 of Beijing duck at 8 weeks of age. 56 th day average live weight male 2191 g, female 1939 g. Carcass weight male1911 g, female 1746 g. Breast muscle weight male 175 g, female 164 g. Leg muscle weight male 89 g, female 79 g. Skin fat weight male 395 g, female 355 g. Abdominal fat weight male 19 g, Female 25 g. Eviscerated weight male 1613 g, female 1447 g. Percentage of breast muscle male 10.82%, female11.29%.Percentageof leg muscle male11.02%,female 11.00%. Breast muscle thickness male1.3cm, female1.3cm. Percentage of abdominal fat male 1.49%, female 1.73%. percentage of skin fat male 24.49%, female 24.49%. Body slope length male 25.14 cm, female 23.82 cm. Breast width male 10.01 cm, female 9.64 cm. Breast length male 12.86 cm, female 12.20 cm.Conclusion: In this experiment, the body size and the slaughter trait parameters of three new lines of Beijing duck were measured and studied. The excellent traits of traditional Beijing duck degenerated seriously, it is very necessary to promote production performance parameters. The early production performance of Beijing duck has improved greatly.