Expression And Localization Of Aquaporins In The Bactrian Camel’s Lung

As we all know, water is an important component of life forms and the basic condition for survival of life on the line, which is the most dependent metabolic resource of the life. The Bactrian camel living in drought, desertification and water shortage extremely harsh environments, but it shows excellent environmental adaptability. The researches showed that in the long evolutionary process, the Bactrian camel formed many physiological characteristics different from other animals, such as respiratory water metabolism, surfactant secretion as well as dry and cold gas heated humidification and other physiological processes.Objective:This study aims to research respiratory morphological characteristics of the Bactrian camel and detect the expression of AQPs aquaporin in the Bactrian camel airway epithelial cell in order to provide a molecular basis for the good adaptation mechanism of the Bactrian camel to the extremely arid environment.Methods:Conventional paraffin sections, immunohistochemical SABC method and statistical methods were be used to investigate structure and ultrastructure of the camel lung and expression of AQPs in the Bactrian camel airway epithelial cell line.Results:The Bactrian camels have larger nasal length, where are rich in microvascular and glandular cells, also long and curved tracheal, more compact and high water content of the lung than other animals. Immunohistochemical detection of the Bactrian camel lung showed six AQPs expression in airway epithelial cells. AQP1 was mainly expressed in the respiratory tract capillary network, lymphatic, mesothelial cells of visceral pleura and tracheal epithelial cells in the apical membrane suiface. AQP3 was present on the surface of respiratory epithelial and the basement membranes of glands cells. AQP4 distributed in basolateral membrane of throughout the airway epithelial goblet cells and the apical membrane surface of nasal gland cells. AQP5 expressed on the luminal surface of the gland glandular cells and the type I alveolar epithelial cells membranethe. AQP8 distributed the basement membranes of the gland glandular cells. AQP9 located in the tracheal epithelial cells of respiratory. IPP semiquantitative analysis showed that each AQPs expression in the Bactrian lung is SAQP4> SAQP5> SAQP9> SAQP8> SAQP1> SAQP3, IODAQP4> IODAQP5> IODAQP8> IODAQP9> IODAQP1> IODAQP3.Conclusion:The respiratory features of Bactrian camel proved the adaptability to arid desert environment, high expression of AQPs in the airway epithelial cells were related to olfactory sensitivity, airway humidification, airway water balance, angiogenesis, airway suiface liquid, lung fluid transport and so on. Significant expression of AQPs in the airway epithelial cells is a molecular basis for the Bactrian camel good adaption to the extremely arid environment.