Study On Effect Of Different Calcium Fertilizers On Growthand Quality Of Several Vegetables

In this study, three plot experiments were conducted to study effects of three types of calcium fertilizers including calcium amino acid chelate(Ca chelate), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium calcium(EDTA-Ca) and calcium chloride(Ca Cl2) with different concentrations on vegetables quality, nutrients content and yield. Chinese cabbage(Brassica Chinensis L.), tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.) and pepper(Capsicum frutescens L.) were chosen as test vegetables. Results from this study can provide scientific base for production of vegetables. The main results were as follows:1. The study of foliage spraying calcium fertilizers on Chinese cabbage revealed that application of 0.36 g/L Ca chelate and 1.08 g/L Ca Cl2 could significantly increase yield of Chinese cabbage, while all the concentrations(0.18-1.80 g/L) of EDTA-Ca application had no positive effect on yield. The application of Ca chelate and Ca Cl2 could also improve N, P, K, Ca and Mg accumulation amount of cabbage, while the application of EDTA-Ca reduced accumulation amount of N, K, Ca and Mg, as well as increased P accumulation amount. Application of Ca chelate increased the chlorophyll, soluble sugar, soluble protein and vitamin C contents of Chinese cabbage, but application of EDTA-Ca increased chlorophyll content and had no significant effect on the soluble sugar, soluble protein and vitamin C contents of Chinese cabbage. The application of Ca Cl2 could increase the content of chlorophyll and soluble sugar, but the soluble protein and vitamin C contents of Chinese cabbage decreased. Application of three kinds of calcium fertilizers had an increasing effect on POD activity of Chinese cabbage leaf and a decreasing effect on the SOD activity Chinese cabbage leaf.2. The study of foliage spraying calcium fertilizers on tomato showed that the application of 0.36 g/L Ca chelate and 0.18 g/L Ca Cl2 significantly increased the tomato yield, but application of EDTA-Ca had no significant effect on yield. All types of calcium fertilizers application could significantly increased the chlorophyll and soluble sugar contents in tomato leaf. Application of Ca chelate and EDTA-Ca reduced the soluble protein content of tomato leaf, while the impact of application of Ca Cl2 was opposite.High concentration application of three kinds of calcium fertilizers could improve the leaf POD activity and reduce the leaf SOD activity. Tomatoes spraying calcium amino acid chelate and EDTA-Ca significantly increased the calcium content at the full-fruiting stage, application of Ca Cl2 increased Ca content in leaves at the full-bloom stage,full-fruiting stage and ripening stage. Three kinds of calcium fertilizers application increased Mg content in leaves at the full-bloom stage, full-fruiting stage and ripeningstage. Application of 0.09-0.36 g/L of three kinds of calcium fertilizers increased the Ca and Mg content in leaf, stem and root of tomato; tomato spraying Ca chelate and EDTA-Ca also can increase the Ca content of the fruit and reduce the Mg content, but spraying Ca Cl2 results in the decrease of Ca and Mg content in fruit.3. The experiment of basal application on peppers results showed that application of calcium concentrations of 0.09-0.36 g/L Ca chelate, EDTA-Ca and Ca Cl2 could significantly improve the chlorophyll, soluble sugar content, POD and SOD activity in pepper leaves and decreased the soluble protein content in leaves.In conclusion, application of suitable concentration of calcium fertilizers on vegetables can increase nutrients absorption, production, and improve quality. To apply different crops, calcium fertilizer types and application ways, the suitable concentration of calcium fertilizers changes. According to our experiment, the 0.36 g/L Ca chelate is recommended, and relative to the spraying on the leaf, basal application of concentration should be reduced. This experiment is not recommended use of EDTA-Ca.