| As an important part of the ecosystem of farmland, paddy ecosystem is a kind of dual attributes of the natural and social ecosystem. Paddy ecosystem is well known to having basic food production function, but it also has water conservation, microclimate regulation, gas regulation, organic accumulation, air purification, organic waste treatment, recreation and other social and human landscape aesthetics welfare functions, with paddy ecosystem functions monetized welfare assessment, we can not only recognize the importance of improving rice production, but also put forward reasonable strategies to ensure the sustainable development of paddy ecosystem.Based on the evaluation study on the economic value of ecosystems and abroad, we started from the regional scale, through surveys and research feature attributes Jingzhou City paddy ecosystem, local conditions to establish the value of the evaluation index system of public welfare paddy ecosystem function, using severail kinds ofmethods like market value method, shadow engineering method, the carbon tax and reforestation cost method,’industrial oxygen method, contingent valuation methods. In this study,5 economic functions’value were evaluated, such as food production, the hydrological cycle, gas regulation, soil organic matter accumulation and landscape features leisure travel 5 economic value were evaluated. Preliminary results of the research are as follows.(1)Food production function:farmers through field surveys and interviews, using the market value method, from early in the rice paddy production (seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, etc.) inputs, machinery investment, labor costs, the average market price of rice, etc. starting on basic food production function Jingzhou paddy ecosystem valuation were obtained early in Jingzhou City, Xi Rong rice paddy ecosystem food production value were 3.3×108 yuan,19.7×108 yuan,5.9×108 yuan, paddy ecosystem food the total value of production of 28.9×108 yuan.(2)The hydrological cycle function:including water flood protection, water conservation and regulation of microclimate three functions. According to the ridge height, deep soaking average paddy paddy soil infiltration rate, the number of irrigated paddy day, paddy daily average water evaporation and other factors, the use of shadow engineering method, the calculated value of paddy rice paddy field early in the ecosystem ecosystems flood control reservoir, respectively for 7.6×107 yuan, 26.2×107 yuan,6.6×107 yuan; water conservation function value respectively, 6.6×107 yuan,23.1×107 yuan,4.8×107 yuan; regulate microclimate function value were 7.5×108 yuan,38.0×108 yuan,8.2×108 yuan. Therefore, the total value of Jingzhou City paddy ecosystem function of the hydrological cycle, huge, reaching 61.6×108 yuan, including semilate rice> late rice>early rice.(3)Gas regulation function:release oxygen and soil carbon sequestration of greenhouse gas emissions in two ways. The use of the carbon tax and industrial oxygen method, reforestation cost method to get its value evaluation, early in the rice paddy ecosystem carbon fixation oxygen value were:16.8×107 yuan,124.1×107 yuan, 26.2×107 yuan, early in the rice paddy soil ecological value system of greenhouse gas emissions are:8.6×107 yuan,59.0×107 yuan,9.2×107 yuan. Regulatory function of the value of immediate early in the rice paddy ecosystem gas, respectively:8.2×107 yuan, 65.1×107 yuan,17.0×107 yuan. JingzhouCity, the total value of paddy ecosystem gas regulation is 9.0×10 yuan.(4)Soil organic matter accumulation function:the use of shadow engineering, by balancing the paddy soil organic matter inputs and outputs to evaluate. Calculated in Jingzhou City early paddy rice Eco Soil organic matter accumulation of economic value are:9.7×107 yuan,47.6×107 yuan,7.9×107 yuan, the total value of 65.2×107 yuan.(5)The function of providing site forleisurement, travelling andculture:with maket price method to make social survey from travel, landscape, culture and other aspects of Jingzhou area residents. The survey involvedrespondents’ socio-economic characteristics, factors such as the willingness to pay for Jingzhou City landscape leisure tourism humanities functions were monetized assessment. The results showed that the rice paddies of JingzhouCity, leisure and tourism GDP humanistic features about 4.4×10 yuan, Jingzhou City contribution rate reached 0.8 percent of GDP.(6)The total value of paddy ecosystem:preliminary findings concluded that the value of Jingzhou City paddy ecosystem function of the hydrological cycle, reached a maximum of 61.6×108 yuan, the total value of 55.8%; the value of food production function of 28.9×108,26.2% of the total value of the gas adjustment function value 9.0×108 yuan,8.2 percent of the total value; the value of soil organic matter accumulation function of 6.5×108 yuan,5.9 percent of the total value; the value of the cultural landscape of leisure function for 4.4×108 yuan,4.0 percent of the total value. The total value of Jingzhou City paddy ecosystem charity function for 11.0×109 yuan, accounting for 7.4% of GDP in 2014 in JingzhouCity. Therefore, Jingzhou paddy ecosystem charity function in maintaining sustainable development of the local economy has an irreplaceable role. |
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