Investigation On Wall Plants In Hangzhou Bay

The green wall has been widely applied in the city as a new form of vertical planting in the city forits great importance in the landscape and ecology. But some problems often appeared such as lack ofspecies diversity and inadaptation to the environment. This paper reported the diversity of plants in therural wall and the city green wall, and the aim is to enrich the plant species diversity in the city greenwall.(1) At April, July, August in2013, and at January in2014, nine city green walls was selected,which was in Shanghai Pudong New Area, Luwan District, Yangpu District, Jingan District, HuangpuDistrict. Besides ten green walls in rural was selected in Hangzhou, Jinhua, Shaoxing, Ningbo andSuzhou.(2) In total,174vertical wall plant species were found on the surfaces in ten rural walls, belongingto139genus and70families, among which the ferns consisted of20species belonging to15genus in11families. The angiosperms consisted of154species belonging to124genus in62families. Based onthe growth type of plants, the main plant species included107species of herbs,25species of liana,24species of shrubs,18species of arbors. From the analysis of distribution and drought tolerance, on onehand, there were62kinds of plants which grew in exposed halves and69kinds in shaded halvesrespectively, on the other hand there were44kinds with strong drought-enduring plants and26kinds ofhygrophilous plants. And From the analysis of the ornamental value of wall plants, there were18kindsof foliage plants,33kinds of flowering plants,7kinds of ornamental fruit plants and7kinds of plantswith different ornamental values. From the analysis of mode of transmission, there are17kinds of wallplant fruit type. Among them64species were adapted to animal seed disperal,95species were adaptedto wind seed disperal,9species were adapted to the crack propagation, and6species were adapted towater seed disperal. From the analysis of plant location, the most flourishing is the cavities in therevetment wall, followed by the cavities in a horizontal surface, then the cavities in inclined surfacesand the incavities at the intersection of vertical and horizontal surfaces with the cavitives where twovertical surfaces meet.(3) In total,52species were found in the vertical wall in Shanghai, belonging to40genus and26families, in which the angiosperms consisted of20species belonging to15genus in11families andferns consisted of137species belonging to111genus in59families. From the analysis of the growthtype, there were29herbaceous species, followed by the shrub has15species, and9liana species. Theratio between herbaceous and woody plants is29to24. The plants mainly concentrated on Compositae,Liliaceae, Araliaceae, but plants in Rubiaceae, Verbenaceae, Violaceae, and Caprifoliaceae were lessdistributed. Above them, the most frequently used were perennial plants accounting for82.1%in herbsand plants with taproot system accounting for82%, and the annual plants and fibrous root plantsaccounts for less, respectively is17.9%and18%. Lack of species diversity was the problem of thegreen wall in city, for less than ten species in every green wall (except the wall in Shimen Road).(4) This paper compared the city vertical plants with the rural vertical plants about the diversity of plants, the plant space structure, root system and ornamental value, pointing out the way how toimprove, and putting forward some opinions on the plants selection range in the green wall. Finally, wesummarizied the design methods of plants in city green wall and proposed some suggestions on how todesign the green wall.