Study On The Key Factors Of Vibration Harvesting Apricots And Its Experimental Analysis

Apricot is one of the important fruits in Xnjiang. In order to improve the efficiency ofapricots harvesting and reduce the harvesting cost, solve the problem of apricot mechanizedharvesting. This paper has studied the key factors of the apricot vibration harvest, and designsthe apricot vibratory harvester.In order to find out how strong the harvesting power is for the apricot harvest. Providetheoretical basis for developing its harvesting machinery. Effect of each kind of physiologicalcharacteristic parameter of various varieties of apricots on fruit removal force was examinedand analyzed. Physiological characteristic parameter and fruit removal force of two varietiesof apricots were measured by means of testing instruments and correlation and fittinganalyses were conducted about the relevant testing data through SPSS software. Thediscovery from the correlation analyses showed that the characteristic parameters related tothe degree of ripeness were highly correlated to its fruit removal force. The varying rangebetween them was2～8N, and the range between the hardness was4.0～8.9kg cm-2. a*value of the fruit surface red-green color aberration was between1～5. The analysesdemonstrated that the fruit removal force became weakened with the increase of the solublesolids and decreased with the rising value of the fruit surface red-green color aberration; thelower of the separating force, the weaker of the fruit surface hardness, that is to say, theseparating force became weaker with the increasing fruit maturity.In order to design apricot harvester, the fruit of vibration dynamics model and thedynamic model of the harvest “machine-tree” vibration system were constructed. The fruitinertial force in the process of vibration and the excitation amplitude and phase angle of thevibration system by harmonic oscillation were deduced. Analysis of fruit and fruit treesdynamic response. The results showed that the fruit removal depends on the normalcomponent of the vibration inertia force, the component force of fruit gravity, along thepeduncle join point,can be neglected. The higher frequency, the greater inertial force of fruitswill be produced. In vibration harvesting, the fruit removal force must satisfy that the normalcomponent of the inertia force by vibration was greater than the relay force of fruits andbranch. The vibration response of the system was the relationship with the amplitude andfrequency.Through the model establishment and analysis of the vibration, design the vibrationharvester. The harvester comprises the clamping device, the vibration of cantilever positionadjusting mechanism, fruit receivers, transportation device, blower and the hydraulic controlsystem, etc. The shaker was completely hydraulically powered and driven by the powertake-off. Clamping mechanism opening and closing，canvas unfolds，clamping position andvibration frequency adjusting by the hydraulic control system. Eccentric block of harvesterwas placed symmetrical. The mass moment of the eccentric was1.26kg m, can produce24kN vibration forces. The clamping diameter was50～200mm. Cantilever position adjustingrange was0～300in up and down, swing adjusting range was0°～37°.