The Biological Characteristics Of Fragrant And Sweet Pear In Natural Meteorological Factors

This paper was takes Korla pear as the research material to establish the orchardmicroclimate station, monitor the dynamic growth and development of its flowers, shoots, leavesand fruit. By the investigate of that, the effects of temperature, relative humidity, wind, geothermaland other weather conditions on Korla pear was cleared. Analyzed the fruit quality differencesunder different light distribution in the crown. The results are as follows:1.The change of korla pear biological characteristicsOn March27thof fragrant pear flower bud. Flower bud on March27th-April2thcome intounsewn period, fragrant pear inflorescence elongation stage and inflorescence separation periodfor April2th-6th, until April6th-8th, fragrant pear reached the big stage. On April8th-10th, fragrantpear reached early flowering, fragrant flowering experienced10days from early to late flowering.Fragrant pear leaf growth trend of sustained growth, leaf length, leaf width growth trend, fromearly April to early May leaves grow rapidly, stop growing in early June. There were three newgrowth continues to grow, the growth peak, respectively at April24thto29th, May14th, June8th.Fragrant pear fruit transverse, longitudinal diameter presents a "double S "shape curve changeddynamically; Width, longitudinal diameter had three peaks, width diameter growth peak on May9th, July and August17th, longitudinal diameter reached growth boom at May9th, July8thand July28th.2. The dynamic change of fragrant pear in climatic factorsFragrant pear temperature changed to escalate, general after reaching the highest temperature,then gradually decreasing trend. On February20thunder0℃, the average daily temperature inmid-march temperature reaches above10℃,20℃temperature above appeared in early may, inmid-july at high temperature, best performance decreasing trend in the future. The temperature in0℃or so in early November. January average temperature7.93℃, In July the average temperaturewas23.42℃. Relative humidity changes appeared in the winter is bigger, with increasingtemperature the relative humidity declining, lowest in mid-April, after increasing, the branchesand leaves were expanded coverage and higher relative humidity volatility increased.10m annualaverage wind speed1.67m/s, significantly higher than the crown central wind speed. The windspeed in central crown was biggest on March11thand the largest maximum average wind speed inApril, the maximum wind speed in10m on August17th; In April the largest average wind speed was at January. Ground temperature changed with arc, March13thbelow0℃,then rapidly increased, the highest in early July and after gradually reduced.3. The korla pear biological characteristics of response to environmental factorsThe korla pear went into the activity of fragrant pear and the flower bud gradually expandedwith the average temperature was5.32℃on March10thday, the average temperature is above10℃on April2th, the flower bud bursting. Temperature12℃flower bud went into inflorescenceelongation period, the temperature15℃in flowering, coated the highest temperature of18.06℃,the pollen germination and pollen tube elongation, pollination fertilization. In March and Aprilcrown central wind speed were0.56m/s and0.62m/s, flowering period maximum wind speedwas1.12m/s, belong to the breeze, won’t cause the fallen petal. Orchard average relative humidityof81.70%in March and April, relative humidity range between73.00and82.33%, pollengermination and pollen was prolonged. Soil temperature in April10℃above, coated is15.18℃,suitable for flowering. Since early April was a period when the temperature rise rapidly, andrelative humidity increasing period, the new tip, blade into the fast growing period, and groundtemperature at14℃~20℃or above, good nutrients root absorption of water, promote the growthof branches and leaves. After the end of April, fragrant pear fruit rapid growth, the air temperatureand the gentle were in rising trend, the relative humidity of wind speed did not appear the windphenomenon, comprehensive environmental factors for fragrant pear fruit growth anddevelopment.4. The distribution of light intensity in the canopy of fragrant pear’s relationship withdistribution of fruit qualityDistribution of light intensity in the canopy of fragrant pear and closely related to fruitquality. Distribution of light intensity in the canopy of fragrant pear from bottom to top and frominside to outside increasing light intensity; Significant differences different level distribution offruit quality, light intensity, the greater the quality, the better, fragrant pear fruit weight, solublesolids, soluble sugar contents, cyanine along with the increment of light intensity, organic acid anddecreased with increment of light intensity, lower chlorophyll content was relatively higher thanupper-middle fruit.