| Using nine Daffodils(Narcissus) varieties’Barrett Browning’,’Fortissimo’,’Ice Follies’,’Parisienne’,’Dutch Master’,’Flower Record’,’Suzy’,’Minnow’ and’Martinetle’ as experimental materials, the study on the parental karyotypes, pollen morphology, pollen germination characteristics, inbred, hybrid progeny and aseptic seeding were carried out.The results are as follows:1. From the results of the karyotype analysis of four varieties of Narcissus, the karyotype formula of’Barrett Browning’ was2n=4x=28=6m+22sm,’Fortissimo’was2n=4x=28=5m+22sm+1st,’Ice Follies’was2n=4x=28=8m+20sm,’Parisienne’ was2n=4x=28=8m+20sm, karyotype types were, respectively,3C,3C,2C,2C.2. Pollen was a single pollen grains, with a single channel, reticulate ornamentation, obvious mesh, the pollen of’Fortissimo’,’Ice Follies’,’Parisienne’,’Dutch Master’mainly near the oval, all of them have pollen germination rate. The pollen of’Suzy’,’Minnow’,’Martinette’ nearly triangular, circular and various irregular characters, their pollen germination rate was zero. The length of pollen’s polar axis and equatorial axis, lines, aperture among the different varieties were different. According to the results that pollen germination test showed:the most suitable time for pollen germination of’Barrett Browning’,’Fortissimo’,’Ice Follies’,’Parisienne’,’Dutch Master’s was2.5h. There were some different of the suitable medium composition among different varieties, but the effects on pollen germination rate factors followed the order:sucrose>boric acid>chlorinated calcium. At the room temperature (15℃±),4℃, and20℃of storage conditions, with the extension of storage time, pollen germination rate overall assumes the declining trend, the optimal storage temperature was4℃.3. According to the results that complete diallel cross of five Daffodils varieties showed:the seed setting rate of hybridization between varieties and selfed ranged from7.5to91.38; the average number of seeds ranged from0.60to20.79; the grain weight of different combinations ranged from15.29to38.75.’Ice Follice’×’Fortissimo’ had the highest seed setting rate of91.38; average number of20.79; selfing seeds of ’Barrett Browning’ had the max thousand-grain weight of38.75. The self-seed rate of five Daffodils varieties was positively correlated with the average seed-setting rate when they as male or female parent, the average number of self-seeds were positively correlated with the average number of seeds when they as male or female parent.Thousand-grain weight of the male was negatively correlated with grain weight when they selfed and as female parent.4. With the seeds of hybrid conbinations’Barrett Browning’×’Ice Follies’,’Dutch Master’×’Ice Follies’,’Dutch Master’×’Parisienne’,’Dutch Master’×’Barrett Browning’ as materials, the seeds showed higher germination rate after low temperature storage30d, and basically could seedling. Our results from the study on the daffodil hybrid seed germination showed that:the optimum culture medium for ’Ice Follies’,’Fortissimo’,’Fortissimo’×’Ice Follies’was MS+6-BA1.5mg/L+GA32.0mg/L. The most suitable culture medium for seed germination of selfed and cross-hybrid about’Ice Follies’and ’Dutch Master’×’Ice Follies’ were MS+6-BA1.5mg/L+GA31.5mg/L. The most suitable culture medium for seed germination of’Dutch Master’×’Fortissimo’ was MS+6-BA1.5mg/L. The culture medium of MS+2,4-D1.0mg/L could induced callus with the highest rate of16.67from’Fortissimo’×’Ice Follies’and the callus growth quickly. The plants grew healthy with1green leaf in the culture medium of MS+2,4-D1.0mg/L+KT2.0mg/L, which could not only shorten the time of seed germination, but also greatly improve the seedling rate of seedling growth, at the same time the young plants grew robustly. |
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