Design And Experimental Study Of Pneumatic Red Dates Harvesting Machinery

The dwarf culture is the main planting patterns of red jujube in the south region of Xinjiang. Red jujubeharvesting is a labor intensive and strong seasonal work. The labour force of red jujube harvestingaccounted for35%-45%of the entire production process. Red jujube harvesting is still using the lowefficiency manual picking. Based on the Bernoulli principle, a pneumatic red jujube harvesting machinerywas designed. First of all, the physical properties of red jujube was analysed, mensurated and calculatedthe suspension velocity of red jujube. According to the all working parts, suspension velocity of red datesharvester was designed and calculated. Draw the parts and the whole3D graph design, makes the resultsmore intuitive.The core components of the machine is the three-way-pipe. This paper focuses on the red jujubeharvesting machine pneumatic system. The three-pipe on the harvester of simulating the flow fieldanalysis and structure optimization was finished by the methods of solid modeling and computationalfluid dynamics. The causes of the three-way-pipe turbulence was made by numerical simulation of theinitial design analysis,then improved scheme until the desired flow field distribution and the designscheme according to the results of the analysis.The paper drew the parts drawing and assembly drawing, producted the prototype air suction red jujubeharvesting machine.The sucking performance test of the prototype red jujube harvesting machine was befinished by using orthogonal experimental design method. Collecting rate, loss rate and the impurity ratewere tested at different flow velocities in harvesting machine suction. The optimal velocity on the strawmouth was determined. The Straw outlet wind speed was controlled in the optimal wind speed, the fieldtest was carried out to measure the harvesting efficiency of red jujube harvester. The experimentalresults show that the prototype is stable and reliable. When the wind Straw export to23m/s, harvestingperformance is best, the average harvesting productivity is182.8kg/h; The machinery productionefficiency is5.2times than that of manual picking.