Study On Genetic Diversity Of Astragalus.Membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Var.Mongholicus Populations In Inner Mongolia

Astragalus membranaceus. var. mongholicus which belongs Legume Astragalus herbaceous plants and its root used as medicine is one of the main sources of Astragalus membranaceus. At present, there are problem of complexity and confusion because of the lack of scientific research and study. This phenomenon affects the yield and the quality. In this paper, taking the15populations including9cultivated populations and6wild populations, we analyse the genetic diversity and genetic variation among and within populations based on ISSR, the comprehensive study on the effects of both genetic variation and environmental factors. The study provided a scientific basis for the developing innovative work of species protection and breeding.Results indicated that:1. The canopy size of A.mongholiucs Bge wild populations on Inner-Mongolia Plateau significantly correlated with20-30cm N-total and sunshine duration. The branch of A.mongholiucs Bge wild populations significantly correlated with sunshine duration which belonged to meteological factors.2.11ISSR primers amplified225DNA fragments of which225(100%) showed polymorphisms among the populations. The percentage of polymorphic banded at the cultivated population level was Fengzhen population (75.63%) and the wild one were Guyuan and Huanggangliang population (>80%).3At spicies level, the observed number of alleies was2.000, number of effective alleles was1.6315.Nei’s genetic and Shannon diversity index were0.3656and0.5429respectively. At populational level, the genetic diversity of cultivated populations was lower than the wild ones.4. The gene flow (Nm) and FSt of the cultivated populations were1.499and0.1713, it mean the genetic variation among populations is a minor Part (17.13%) and within population is82.87%. The Nm and FST of the wild populations were0.8367and0.2823, it mean the genetic variation among populations is a minor Part (28.23%) and within population is72.77%. The genetic variation of the wild populations is higher than the cultivated one. Mostly they genetic variations were within population, but the gene flow were relatively frequent.5. On the research of relationship between the genetic diversity with environment, the genetic diversity of wild populations correlated with frost-free period and available phosphorus. The genetic diversity of cultivated populations correlated with soil available phosphorus.