Genetic Diversity Analysis And Evaluation Of Six Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) Varieties(Strains)

Genetic diversity analysis was carried out among6pea (Pisum sativum L.)varieties (strains) with series of methods of morphological markers, karyotypeanalysis and simple sequence repeats (SSR) based on the pea production situation ofdisorder varieties or cultivars, low yield, low quality and bad economic benefit. Thestudy was aiming at providing imformation for the variety assessment, certificationand selection, thus improving the economic returns. The main results weresummarized as follows:1.In the aspect of growth duration, Caoyuan23was a late maturing variety,Dingwan4, Zhongwan4and Zhongwan9were all mid-early maturing varieties,Zhongwan5and Zhongwan6were early maturing varieties. As plants morphologyconcerned, the6vaieties wer all dwarf type; there were average10.2~17.3nodes and2.6~4.2branches per stem for all the materials. There were about17.5pods per plantin Caoyuan23, but only7~10for others except that of Dingwan4, only3.29pods perplant. Grain yield per plant of Caoyun23was the highest of12.5g and4.4~9.4g forothers, Caoyuan23achieved the best comprehensive yield traits. As a late maturingvariety, Caoyuan23should be a perfect choice in zones where there’s sufficient heator one harvest a year and pea is staple, Northwest China for example. Mid-andearly-maturing variety Zhongwan9showed the best yield performance could bepopularized in most districts as a rotation crop due its to short growth duration.2.Chromosome number for the six varieties was all2n=2x=14, diploid withchromosome basic number of7. Dingwan4, Zhongwan5and Zhongwan9each had asatellite chromosome among the6varieties. Karyotype for Dingwan4, Caoyuan23,Zhongwan4, Zhongwan5, Zhongwan6, Zhongwan9was3A、1A、1A、2A、1A and3Arespectively, and karyotype formula was K2n=4m+8sm+2sm（SAT），K2n=10m+4sm，K2n=2m+12sm，K2n=2m（SAT）+12sm，K2n=12m+2sm，K2n=2m+10sm+2sm（SAT）respectively. Dingwan4and Zhongwan9were more morden varieties as karyotypesymmetry concerned, but as long as chromosome size concerned Dingwan4was ofthe largest and the most evolevd one, and Zhongwan6has the smallest chromosomesize.3.29pairs of SSR primers were adopted for DNA amplification and most of theprimers could get amplification product,9of which could get stable and clearelectrophoretic bands and could be used for genetic diversity analysis.56bands wereamplified from the9pair primers in total,12of which were specificity, Percentage ofPolymorphic Bands was21.4%.The6varieties (strains) could be divided into four groups of Zhongwan4and zhongwan9; Caoyuan23; Dingwan4; Zhongwan5andZhongwan6according to the bands polymorphy. All the varieties had its own geneticspecificity except Zhongwan5and Zhongwan6showed100%genetic similarity, andCaoyuan23had the lowest Genetic Similarity with other materials.