The Study On Several Crops Models For Escaping Meteorological Disaster And Its Key Technologies In Dryland Area Around Dongting Lake

The experiments were done in Anquan contry of Anxiang county, Chehuyuan and Huangjiapu contry of Taoyuan county of the Dongting Lake area at2012-2013. five planting patterns:"cole-cotton","pickle-spring corn/cotton","pickle-demiseason corn","pickle-spring sorghum/cotton","pickle-demiseason sorghum" were studied. The main findings are as follows:1. Anxiang county as the main research subject is located in the center of the Dongting Lake area of Hunan Province. The yearly and monthly average temperature variation,the yearly and monthly average rainfall variation, the yearly and monthly average number of change of sunshine and the impact of climate change on crops in the lakeland through meteorological data, etc.2."pickle-spring corn/cotton" mode had many properties such as strong resilience, stable model structure, good economic and it was suitable for widely promotepopularize in the Lake District. Rapeseed production was low in "cole-cotton" and "cole-summer corn" mode because of low-temperature continuous rain disaster; Cotton production was low because of waterlogging; Summer corn production is low because of drought in the summer and autumn. In the "pickle-demiseason corn"mode, the first season quarter of corn almost has no agricultural meteorological:disaster-risk, but the second quarter of corn existed drought risk. In the "pickle-demiseason sorghum" mode, the meteorological disaster risks of pickle and sorghum were low, but there existed acquisition problem, so it was suitable for small-scale cultivation, suitable for large-scale promotion.3.The different planting patterns main crop resilience in the dry land of lakes was concluded:From the perspective of the ability to withstand floods, corn=sorghum> cotton; From the perspective of the ability to withstand drought, sorghum>cotton> corn; From the perspective of the ability to withstand low-temperature and continuous rain, the pickle was better than cole.4. Mosaic pickle, Xiantian No.1,and Xiangfeng cotton No.3were identified as the most suitable varieties in "pickle-spring corn/cotton" mode which pickle spread compound fertilizer50kg, urea25kg, sweet glutinous corn spread compound fertilizer50kg, urea30kg, cotton spread release fertilizer80kg, urea15kg was optimum fertilization for the mode.5.Gaoyu No.8was screened for the best variety from the tested drought-resistant varieties of corn. In comparison of stress-resistant varieties of cotton,Xiangfeng cotton No.3was suitable for promotion in lakeland plains,Daiza No.1was suitable for promotion in lakeland hills. Sowing of summer corn which compared experimentally derived that early sowing (May20seeding) had a drought-resistant effect and can reduce production rate. Drought-resistant sorghum research result was that covering measures can play a water conservation and drought-resistant role in the region suffer insufficient irrigation. The research integrated that coverage measures, field management practices, ditches measures and other effective means to fight disaster and protect harvest by integrating high-yield cotton cultivation techniques of the existing cotton.6. A waterlogged pot experiment with waterlogging tolerance of different cotton, corn varieties compared that point out:From the perspective of changes in chlorophyll content, the tolerance and resilience of Xiang Feng cotton No.3was the best,Xiangza cotton No.14and Zhongmiansuo No.55had little difference. From the perspective of the height variation, Xiangza cotton No.14performed better on the restoring force,Xiang Feng cotton No.3on endurance performance was better, Zhong mian suo No.55showed poor in both aspects. From the perspective of changes in chlorophyll content,Dongdan No.12performed better on the restoring force,Xiangnongyu No.13on endurance performance was better,Changyu No.18showed poor in both aspects. From-the-perspective of the height variation, the resilience of the performance difference of three varieties tested was not big, Dongdan No.12performed best, Xiangnongyu No.13came second,Changyu No.18was worse on endurance performance.