The Variation Pattern Of Elaeagnus L. In Xinjiang Based On Morphological Characters

This paper studied the morphological taxonomic system of Elaeagnus in Xinjiang, analysed the variation pattern and evaluate its resources.From seven areas of Xinjiang,such as Akesu, Turpan, Hami, Erie, Aletai, etc., a total of 238 samples were compared to observe flowers,fruits,leaves,branches and other characteristics.Based on stable traits and the significance of pollen.According to the morphology as the results, Elaeagnus L. are divided into nine variation pattern. Specific conclusions are as follows:(1) Select the stable traits.Using the methods of fixed plant and labeled flower observation, analysis the stability of stigma form, glabrous on apex of flower disc, length ratio of style to stamens, the proportion of perianth lobes to perianth, concluding that three traits : glabrous on apex of flower disc, length ratio of style to stamens,the proportion of perianth lobes to perianth, which can be used as a basis for distinguishing species;stigma form is stable in a single flower, but varied in single plant.in morphological taxonomy,the stability of stigma form is divided hook and loop,based on the most of the stigmatic morphology.(2) The results showed that: ①Pollen morphology of three species of Elaeagnus are the medium size;The type of aperture are tricolporate type.②The pollen polar view shape from the triangle,obtusely triangular to rounded triangular; pollen equator view shape from water caltrop shape, half round to oblate; exine ornamentation from crisped to holes.③Cluster the five indexes reflected pollen morphology of principal components,the selected indicators can not be distinguished; Pollen morphology in polar view and equator view also cannot be distinguished; the pollen size of E.moorcroftii can be distinguished the other kinds.(3) Elaeagnus L. is rich in plant phenotypic traits.The average value of the Shannon index of 18 quality traits is 1.22, the highest is stone shape,up to 1.553,the lowest is perianth lobes,up to 0.777; The mean value of Simpson index is 0.52,the highest is also stone shape,up to 0.653,the lowest is also perianth lobes,up to 0.279;The21quantitative traits of average coefficient is 23.442%,the quantitative traits of Elaeagnus L. have some certain variation.the variation on 1000 grain weight of fruit and stone is relatively large.In conclusion, the qualitative traits and quantitative traits of Elaeagnus L. have abundant variation.(4) The Elaeagnus L. plants can be divided into nine variation pattern. Combined with the data and classified variation pattern:the first two variation pattern and the fourth variation pattern are E.oxycarpa,the third variation pattern,the fifth variation pattern and the sixth variation pattern are E.angustifolia,the last three variation pattern are E.moorcroftii.Through principal component analysis,selection of longitudinal diameter of fruit and stone, Grain weight of fruit and stone, and fruit shape index,fruit surface color, floral characteristics etc.were influential characters as the classification basis. The conditions used for defining varieties needs to be expanded. The longitudinal diameter of fruit of E.moorcrofiii.in《Flora in Deserts》is defined as 1.5-2.0 cm,while the actual survey found that a part does not satisfy the condition.(5) Among variation pattern characteristics.The first variation pattern of average fruit weight is 508,branches have thorns, fruit color is brown or reddish brown stone,elliptic,apex obtuse base apex acuminate,or both,disk hairy,scarce,leaves pimaudo;the second is 374 fruit fusiform, tapered,stigma is higher than stamens,cyclic bending,branches have thorns,fruit color is brown orred brown;the third is 621, perianth tube campanulate,stigma is higher or shorter than stamens, fruit red brown or brown yellow, thin cylindrical disk;the forth is 209, fruit color is yellow or yellow brown,lanceolate leaves, slender cylindrical conical disk,stigma ical disk,stigma is higher or shorter than stamens;the fifth is 828 and the fruit weight, fruit ovate,fruit color red brown, perianth tube campanulate,style is higher than stamens,seeds oval or fusiform,apexacuminate or ends;the sixthis 996 and branches unarmed,fusiform,stone,acuminate ends conical disk,perianth tube funnel form,fruit covered with scales generally;the seventh is 1177 and higher than the stigma,stamens,bending ring leaves ovate,glabrous or disk are scarce,the fruit is oval,brown or reddish brown;the eighth is 1498 and fruit weight,fruit color red brown,glabrous or disk are scarce,the fruit is oval,ovate leaves,branches covered with scales at least, without thorns, flowers golden color, the fine cylindrical disk,leaf base symmetric or skew;the ninth is 1348 and the fruit is oval, fusiform, stone, pointed ends, disk glabrous, branches no thorns.