Identification Of Wheat Vernalization And Photoperiod Genes Using Molecular Markers In The South Of Huang-huai Area

The vernalization gene and photoperiod gene of wheat are major factors that influence wheat heading and flowering. This thesis tested and identified Vrn and Ppd genes of 198 wheat genotypes from southern Huanghuai wheat-growing areas using molecular markersr. At the same time, their heading and flowering phenotyes were recorded in Zhengzhou, Shangqiu and Zhumadian of Henan province. The main results were as follow:(1) The result of vernalizatioon genes confirmed that the frequencies of Vrn-A1、Vrn-B1、Vrn-D1 and vrn-A1+vrn-B1+vrn-D1+ vrn-B3 were 0.5%, 4.5%, 30.8% and 65.2%, respectively. All the 198 cultivars had no dominant vernalization gene Vrn-B3. In the locus Vrn-A1, only the cultivar Yumai 17 carried the dominant vernalization gene Vrn-A1. Two dominant types Vrn-B1 a and Vrn-B1 b were found in the locus Vrn-B1, the frequencies of which were 2.5%n and 2.0%, respectively. Two dominant types Vrn-D1 a and Vrn-D1 b were found in the locus Vrn-D1, and their frequencies were 25.3%n and 5.6%, respectively. Very significant positive correlations were found between heading and flowering times in the three environments, and their correlation coefficients were 0.9308(zhengzhou),0.7966(shangqiu) and 0.6638(zhumadian), respectively. The cultivars with Vrn-B1 b had the earliest heading and flowering time, followed by those with Vrn-B1 a and Vrn-D1 b, and the latest from those with Vrn-D1 a and vrn-A1 + vrn-B1 + vrn-D1 + vrn-B3.(2) The result of photoperiod genes showed that the frequencies of three types(Sonora64 type, Truncated Chinese Spring type and Intacted Chinese Spring type) were 34.3%, 8.1% and33.8%, respectively. The cultivars with Intacted Chinese Spring type and Truncated Chinese Spring type had the earliest heading and flowering time, those with only Truncated Chinese Spring type allele were the second, and those with only Intacted Chinese Spring type had the latest heading and flowering time. The identification results of dominant Ppd-D1 a haploid types showed that only Chinese Spring belonged to the haploidⅠtype, all the others were haploid Ⅱ, while no other haploid types were found in the genotypes tested.