Study On Suitable Cultivation Environment Of Phyllitis Scolopendrium

Phyllitis scolopendrium is a species of rare and endangered plant of national Ⅱ level. To improve the quality of seedlings, we took its three-years-old tissue culture seedlings as experimental materials to study its cultivation adaptability from three aspects: the air humidity, light intensity and culture substrate. Our purpose is to provide the theoretical guidance and practical basis for its propagation and cultivation, so that we can finally find a simple method for germplasm conservation and realize the popularization and application of it in landscape successfully. The main achievements of our studies are as following:(1) Four air relative humidity treatments were 65%±2%(T2), 75%±2%(T3), 85%±2%(T4) and non-humidification with 35~45%(T1,CK). The results showed that with the increasing of air humidity the plant growth faster, and the larger of leaf area, the more of new-fledged leaves. New leaves grown in high air humidity its’ shape will more flat and bright, but color light. In low air humidity the leaves small, fold, and dark color. Each treatment’s Pn had max value at 9: 00 but decreased after then, and high temperature may be the main restraining factors. Improving air humidity can effectively decrease the TL. The daily averages of Pn in humidification treatments were significantly greater than CK, and the LCP decreased markedly. T2’s daily average of Pn and WUE were significantly higher than other treatments, and LCP was lower. As a conclusion, T2 has the best environment adaptability in these four treatments. It’s showing that increased air humidity to 65% would conducive to P. scolopendrium growth when other cultivation conditions were suitable.(2) We take the three-years-old tissue culture seedlings of P. scolopendrium as experimental materials to study the light adaptation by comparing the changes of morphological indexes, chloroplast pigment content, diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate, photo synthetic light-response curve and the parameters related to chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under light shading of 0%(L1), 56%(L2), 78%(L3) and 97%(L4), selecting L1 as control group. The temperature was 25~36℃, relative humidity was 55%~65%. The results showed that the leaves were much thinner, the SLW were lower, the chlorophyll increased and the area of new-fledged leaves ware larger under shading treatments than the tissue culture seedlings under full illumination. With the increase of shading rate, the daily average of Pn, LUE, Pmax, AQY and ΦPSⅡ showed a fluctuation of upward tendency followed by downward, and all maximum value of the above indexes appeared in L2 and the minimum value appeared inL4.The Chla/b, LCP, LSP, Rd, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo, Fv’/Fm’, qP and NPQ decreased with the increase of shading rate. The Pn of daily photosynthetic change was in a bimodal curve in L1 but in a single curve in L2, L3 and L4. Therefore, it will bring adverse effect on P. scolopendrium tissue-cultured seedlings when higher or lower light intensity, the best growth state is under L2 treatment, so it is deemed that L2 is the most suitable light condition to the P. scolopendrium tissue-cultured seedlings.(3) The 7 treatments were mixed with peat, hill-skill soil, garden soil, mushroom residue and perlite in different volume ratio [J1(CK1).peat, J2(CK2).hill-skill soil, J3.Vgarden soil:Vpeat=2:1, J4.Vgarden soil:Vhill-skill soil=2:1, J5.Vgarden soil:Vhill-skill soil:Vmushroom residue=2:1:1, J6. Vpeat: Vhill-skill soil : Vmushroom residue=2:1:1, J7. Vpeat:Vperlite:Vmushroom residue=2:1:1]. We took 9 single indices from morphology, physiological and photosynthetic characteristics to evaluate the pros and cons of different treatments. Then using principal component analysis synthesized these single indices into several new independent comprehensive indices. On the bases of above results, subordinate values of comprehensive indices were worked out by subordinate function, on which, the different substrate treatments can be ranked more accurately. Finally,according to the physical and chemical properties of each substrate to discuss and analysis respectively. J3 has the highest comprehensive evaluation value, indicate that this media formula is the best culture substrate for P. scolopendrium tissue-cultured seedlings, followed by J7. As a conclusion, the preferred culture substrate for P. scolopendrium tissue-cultured seedlings is Vgarden soil:Vpeat=2:1. The method is simple to achieve and suitable for application.