The Key Technology Of Nutrient Solutions Cultivation Of Chinese Chives

Chinese chive (Allium tubersum Rottl. ex Spr.), which is widely cultivated in China, is the characteristic vegetable and is deeply loved by Chinese people. In the traditional culture, Chinese chive mainly with soil cultivation. However, with the traditional soil-cultured method, diseases and insect pests were severe and difficult to control, which made people have to use pesticides and even highly toxic pesticides, resulting in massive pesticide residues and affecting sustainable development of Chinese chive industry. In order to solve problems such as diseases and insect pests of Chinese chive cultivated species, soilless culture is an effective way. In this experiment, Chinese chive was used as the research material, the key technology of cultivation of Chinese chive in hydroponics was studied, providing basis for establishing nutrient solution hydroponics system of Chinese chive. The main research results were as follows:1. In order to select the suitable varieties of nutrient solution cultivation of Chinese chive,7 Chinese chives cultivars including’791 kuanyexuejiu’,’Pingjiu No.4’ ’Hansaixuesong’,’Duokangfujiu 11’,’Haijiu No.2’,’Dajingouyouxi’and’Jingyanjiucai’ which were widely cultivated in production, were adopted to analyze their growth index, physiological characteristics, nutritional quality, individual dry and fresh weight as well as yields by using a new type of hydroponics system. The results showed that’791 kuanyexuejiu’ and’Duokangfujiu 11’had the optimal growth and yield characters, and’791 kuanyexuejiu’had relatively better nutritional quality. Comprehensive analysis indicated that’791 kuanyexuejiu’was optimal for nutrient solution cultivation in terms of growth index, yield characters and comprehensive quality.2. With the aim to understand the effect of nutrient solution concentration on the growth, quality and yield of Chinese chive in the hydroponics system and to figure out the optimal nutrient solution concentration, we setted up 0.5S, 1.OS,1.5S,2.OS and 2.5S concentration gradient and growth, quality and yields were measured. In this reaserch, with the increase of nutrient solution concentration, growth index and yield gradually decreased. While the nitrate content significantly increased. Vitamin C, soluble sugar, soluble protein and other quality index also showed a trend of increase when nutrient solution concentration increased. As a result, it could be shown that the nutrient solution concentration of Chinese chive in hydroponics should be controlled and maintained at lower level in high temperature season. In this test, nutrient solution concentration with the level of 0.5S is optimal.3. The study on the growth and quality index of Chinese chive in hydroponic was carried out by adding 0,5,10,20 and 30 mmol/L concentration of NaCl into the nutrient solution. The results showed that plant height, pseudo-stem diameter, leaf number and so on was improved, photosynthetic pigment content increased, and nitrate accumulation was controled when low concentration of NaCl was added, resulting in the improvement of quality and the increase of production. Comprehensive analysis suggested when 10 mmol/L NaCl was added into nutrient solution, it performed the best.4. In order to study the effect of sulphur in nutrient solution on the growth and quality, Chinese chive was treated with five different sulphur nutrient concentrations. The concentrations of sulphur concentrations are 1,2,3,4,5 mmol/L. It was found that growth index firstly increased and then decreased with increasing concentration of sulfur. The content of vitamin C and soluble sugar reached maximum when Chinese chive was treated with 3mmol/L sulphur nutrient. The content of crude fiber showed a rising trend at first, but it decreased again when sulphur nutrient concentration reached 5mmol/L, when the maximum content of soluble protein appeared. In the experiment,29 sulfur-containing volatiles were detected, mainly disulfide and trisulfide, and a spot of tetrasulfide was also found. When Chinese chive was treated with 2mmol/L S, the total content of sulfur-containing volatiles reached the maximum.