The Research Of Mading Rice Seedling Substrate By Crop Straw Ash

With the development of rice cultivation methods, generating strong demand for seedling substrate, at the same time, many straw direct fired power generation projects are being built, producting huge plant ash. This experiment investigated the technology and methods of a new rice seedling substrate of plant ash. Analysis of The physical and chemical properties of plant ash was analyzed; Constraints and key technologies of mading rice seedling substrate by plant ash was confirmed; Usage of growth regulators and its affecting for seedling quality was confirmed; The application effect of rice seedling substrate of plant ash was investigated.The main results of the study are listed below:Plant ash contains rich nutrients, and has several excellent characteristics of large porosity, good water-hold ability, non-toxic sterile, etc. After processing, it can be made into a good Seedling substrate for mechanical transplanting which is security, inexpensive and good seedling effect. At the same time, seedlings for machine transplanting rice needs huge nutrition soil, that causes the problems of hard in seeking soil, serious damage to the soil, intensity and burnout working and so on. To address these issues, it has practical significance on the studies of replace nutrition soil by Seedling substrate.To make seedling substrate by plant ash, needs to solve these restricting factors,such as high alkalinity, high salinity, serious salt damage, and inferior root growth, etc. We must solve these issues, if we want to make plant ash into a good Seedling substrate.In this study, usually uses acidic substances (such as H2SO4, Fe2SO4) to neutralize alkalescency of the plant ash. At the same time, uses "the method of extracting potassium salt from plant ash by graded elution and filtration" and "the device of extracting potassium salt from plant ash by double superimposed pools", can be more efficient and convenient to remove soluble salt from plant ash. All these can be meet the requirements of industrial production. Out of ash-pool, pH is about 8.5 and conductivity less than 2.0ms,at the end, the processed ash has the pH between 6.5 and 7.0,the conductivity less than 5.0ms.In order to make the plant cultivated of plant ash substrate more robust, often use plant growth regulators. The study found, when paclobutrazol mixed with plant ash substrate, although it has some inhibition on the rice seedling height, but the loss of paclobutrazol significantly caused by plant ash. In the initial stage, paclobutrazol significantly control seedling height after emergence of the seedlings. With the growth of rice seedling age, the effect of paclobutrazol on the control of seedling height was weakened significantly. After the emergence of the 3rd leaf in rice seedling, paclobutrazol had no effect on the control of seedling height. The 3rd and 4th leaf is slender and hang down loosely, the effect of regulation is unsatisfactory. At the same application amount of paclobutrazol, using the fixing agent could decrease the loss of paclobutrazol significantly, improve its control and aging effect greatly, and lower the height of plant ash rice seedling. At the same time, can increase the leaf age, compact the plant-type, enhance the stem and rice seedling quality. Therefore, the rice seedling could meet the requirement of planting machinery.In the plant ash substrate, the moisture content is 55%-60%, pH6.5-7.0, the conductivity of soluble salt content is 4.0ms-5.0ms (ash:water=1:5,25℃), porosity is over 85%.Studies showed that plant ash had a large porosity, good water holding capacity, nutrient-rich, sterile non-toxic and other excellent features. Rice seedling cultivated by the plant ash substrate is strong, at the stage of transplanting(22 days after seeding), leaf age is 4.0-4.5, height is about 17cm(it can be controlled under 20cm even if overage),big elasticity of seedling age, longer suitable planting period, is suitable for transplanting.Leaf is wide, short and strong, leaf color can keep dark green and has good photosynthetic ability, root growth is vigorous and has good root activity, ratio of root to shoot is suitable, accumulation of nutrient is rich, C/N is 1.0-2.0,overall of plant grows well.The plant ash substrate has good water holding capacity, so it has good Drought resistance, as a result of sterile non-toxic, the seedlings have good disease resistance. At the stage of seedbed, no need prevention of plant diseases and insect pests, can reduce the cost directly and indirectly. After transplanting, its missing rate (under 6%) and the number of plants per hill (3-4 strains) has good performance, and also has fast seedling and high survival rate. In the field growth period, tillering is strong and has more tiller number than the seedlings cultivated of nutrition soil. There have no significant differences in other characters and no difference in yield. It has no negative influence on the rice yield by using plant ash substrate to cultivate rice seedlings.