| The agricultural production resources are very wealthy in Jiangsu province, including cereal, cotton and oil plant. The farmland of the province is more than 70 million Chinese acres, which is 4% of the national farmland. With the advantage of better conditions of sunshine, irrigation and heat, the farmland’s multiple-cropping index is very high and the plant pattern of rotation is popular in the whole province. Pesticide is an important measure for the prevention of the threat of pests, diseases and weeds, which is also assurance to the high crops production. Taking the plant pattern of rotation means more demands of pesticide.Based on the data of the decades of annual bulletin of plant protection and pesticide research institute and the published documents, the thesis found that the plant and insect disease were serious in the recent years. The production and application of pesticide are huge in Jiangsu. Although the percentage of pesticide application in Jiangsu is declining in the past few years, the environmental and food security problems caused by pesticide become serious challenges to the agricultural development in Jiangsu. There were lots of reports about the pesticide pollution in many regions of Jiangsu in the past few years. Chemical pesticide brought many kinds of problem to Jiangsu. As two main kinds pesticide among them,the organicchlorine and organicphosphorus are harm for the evironment and health in Jiangsu.After being forbidden for more than 30 years, the organicchlorine remains can still be detected in the environment and the organism, and the detection rate is up to 100%.Althought the content of organicchlorine become lower and lower in these years,there is still a long time for us to reduce the effects; The detection rate of organicphosphorus is much lower than the organicchlorine,but the over standard rate of it in food is much high.The remains of pesticide and the pollutions not only damage the natural environment, but also decrease the crop production and finally threat the human health.The studies on the situation of the pesticide application in the region of rotation and the way of applying pesticide of the farmers in Jiangsu could give some references to the pesticide application in the other areas in China. The thesis analyzed the questionnaire survey for the farms from 8 prefecture-level cities of Jiangsu and found so many problems in the application of pesticide in Jiangsu.Firstly, the scientific and cultural knowledge of farmers is poor. They know few things about the chemical and biological pesticide and are lack of the sense of environmental protection.Secondly, the way of farmers’ applying pesticides is not reasonable enough. They always messed around with the species of pesticides and randomly applied the pesticides. The pesticide instruments are too old. There are only single species of biological pesticides, which are seldom used. The high and middle level of toxic pesticides are used frequently, some of which are forbidden by the national law.Thirdly, more instructions and help from local authorities are still needed. Furthermore, the farmers consider that the price of pesticides is too high for them and it is not easy to acquire the knowledge of pesticides application.As for the problems above, the thesis made such recommendations for the pesticide application in Jiangsu:adjust the composition of pesticides application; develop new species of pesticide; provide more technological education and training; improve the service of test and forecast, and use pesticides reasonably; take more precaution and comprehensive protection; strengthen the governmental supervision. |
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