The Effect Of Saponin On The Growth And Development Of Hypsizygus Marmoreus

Hypsizigus marmoreusis named of Shimeji mushroomand attached to Basidiomycota, Hymenomycetes, Agaricales.It has both excellent appearance and fresh taste as it is also named of "crab falvor mushroom".However, this kind of mushroom has to be cultivated for the longer period to get its fruiting bodies than most of other kinds’.It’s the target of our research on shorting the culture period so as to bring up its return. Using H.marmoreus SIEF3133 as our study subject, we designed several saponinlevels(0.01g/L,0.05g/L,0.1g/L,0.5g/L,lg/L) in different media to investigate theeffect on the hypha and fruiting body of H.marmoreus,and we selected β-glucosidase and bgl gene which could modulate this mushroom’s growth and development as factors. Finally, we had evaluated these results to make sure whether it was applicable for industry.The main results are as follows:By the results of colony diameter measured, we could conclude the saponin added into the medium could depress hypha growth much moreas the saponin level increased in the medium.It also appeared that of the saponin with six levels in every medium,only 0.01g/L,0.05g/L,0.1g/L and the control group were fit for vegetative growth.By comparison of different hypha patterns on condition of different saponin levels in microscopic and macroscopic view, we found that the hyphae cultivated on saponin media were superior in quality than the control group. Their hyphae were whiter, denser and thicker, and their Rhizomorphs were stronger.We mixed the saponin with the liquid medium for SIEF3133 asdifferentsaponin levels to investigate the changes of of H.marmoreusphysiology.By the research of the vegetative phase,guttation phase,kinkingmycelium phase,primodia phase and other physiological standardS,we concluded that the saponin added into the medium could prolong the span of vegetative growth but short the span of reproductive growth and cut back the period of cultivation thoroughly.These appearances were constantly coherent with different batches.Due to the relationship of cellulase and wood-rotting fungi growth and development which was announced by varios of articles, we got the β-D-glucosidaseactivity and the relative expression of bgl gene during the cultivation to be our targets. Then we designed shake-flask media and compost for cultivating SIEF3133. By the research of this study, we drew several conclusions:(A)Saponin could depress β-glucosidase activity and reduce bgl expression at vegetative stage(B)Saponin could depress β-glucosidase activity and bgl expression at the beginning of reproductive stage but promote them at following stages(C)β-glucosidase activity and bgl gene relative expression was concerned with hyphae biomass and reproductive period.For evaluating whether the saponin was available for industrial mushroom producing, we chose 250ml bottle filled with 160g compost and 1.2L bottle filled with 450g compost as our experiment media, and we inoculated the hyphae onto the compost surface. When vegetative hyphae grew into post-mature stage, we targeted several different stages such as the 50th day,60th days，70th days and others to perfuse saponin solution with different levels onto the surface of the compost. For about 3 weeks, we recorded some physiological datas such as the gross of fruiting bodies,the stipe length and the biomass of fruiting bodies. We found the low saponin levels could stimulate the gross of mature fruiting bodies, stipe length and its biomass. Most of the high saponin levels led to the depression. The post-mature periods were more sensitive to the saponin levels.