Relationship Between Fruit Quality Of Several Apples And Meteorological Factors At High Attitude Area Of Sichuan And Tibet

The relationship between the quality of Golden Delicious, Fuji and Starkrimson apple at five key production cities (Maoxian, Xiaojin, Yanyuan, Kangding, Linzh) of high attitude area and meteorological factors was explored to provide a theoretical basis for agricultural zoning and high quality production in this study. The quality of three kinds of apple were determined. Respectively, the correlation, liner regression formulation and non-liner regression formulation between fruit quality with mean temperature (MT), mean temperature diurnal range (MTDR),≥10℃ accumulated thermal units (≥10℃ATU), amount of precipitation (AP) and sunshine hours (SH) of the main growth stages (Golden Delicious Apple:May-August, Fuji Apple: May-October, Starkrimson Apple:May-September) were analyzed. The main meteorological factors affecting the quality of apple and the equations were obtained. And the optimum values of the major meteorological factors were calculated out.The test results showed that:1. Mean temperature diurnal range played an important role in the formation of apple quality. This study found that 6 indexes of Golden Delicious were affected by the mean temperature diurnal range. Fuji and Starkrimson were also affected by it in different degree. Mean temperature diurnal range were not brought into the most suitable meteorological index which had been proposed by the domestic and foreign experts. While this study supposed that Mean temperature diurnal range not only should be brought into the most suitable meteorological index, but also should be the main evaluation factor at high attitude area of Sichuan and Tibet.2. At high attitude area of Sichuan and Tibet, the tree kinds of apples were colored better and had a good flavor of sweet and sour, but the fruits were small. The fruit quality excepting the fruit weight in Xiaojin and Linzhi was better than another places. Therefore, improving the fruit weight should be the main target in the apple production of this region. And thinning flower or fruit, pruning, soil and fertilizer management should be a key part of management.3. The optimum values of main meteorological factors which made Golden Delicious show highest quality at high attitude area of Sichuan and Tibet were 20.1℃ MT in August,11.4℃ MTDR in May,11.0℃ MTDR in Julne,9.7℃ MTDR in July, 12.5℃ in August,12.8℃ in Annual,636.5℃≥10℃ ATU in July,169.4mm AP in June, 712.5mm AP in Annual,154.3h SH in June,190.8h SH in July,153.5h SH in August, 2405.6h SH in Annual.4. The optimum values of main meteorological factors which made Fuji show highest quality at high attitude area of Sichuan and Tibet were 12.5℃ MTDR in May, 10.5℃ MTDR in July,13.7℃ MTDR in August,10.7℃ MTDR in September,668.5℃ ≥10℃ATU in August,499.6℃≥10℃ATU in September,90.4mm AP in May, 125.2mm AP in June,115.6mm AP in July,100.0mm AP in August,104.6mm AP in September,49.8mm AP in October,184.8h SH in July,191.8h SH in August,152.2h SH in October.(5) The optimum values of main meteorological factors which made Starkrimson show highest quality at high attitude area of Sichuan and Tibet were 17.8℃ MT in May, 13.4℃ MT in Annual,9.5℃ MTDR in June,7.5℃ MTDR in July,11.6℃ MTDR in Annual,652.6mm≥10℃ ATU in August,364.0mm≥610℃ ATU in September,101.2mm AP in May,169.4mm AP in June,166.0mm AP in August,123.1mm AP in September, 776.5mm AP in Annual,236.6h SH in May,188.9h SH in August,172.2h SH in September.