| Proso millet is part of the Panicum miliaceum in gramineae. Its growth and development period is short. It is able to bear drought and barren land. It is one of the major food crops in the regions, in which climate is sarid and semi-arid. Studying diversity of proso millet can excavate drought genes and provide a theoretical foundation for future.1. The nine phenotypic indexes of 225 proso millet resources were determined and the result was displayed that average height was 127.72 cm, and the average length of the main spike was 36.66 cm. It was 7.34 in the average count of nodes, and was 7.46g in the average individual plant of grain weight. Proso millet resources’ the average grain weight was 6.78 g, and average growth period were 93.07 days. The coefficient of differentiation was in the range of 0.15-0.56, and all indexes were higher using for evaluating genetic diversity.2. By analyzing phenotypic traits distribution of the 225 parts proso millet resources, green inflorescence and casual ear type were common phenotypic characteristics. The grain colors were rich, for example:brown, yellow, red and white-yellow, which were the most common. Quantitative traits were concentrated.3. Through correlation research of the nine phenotypes, inflorescence color, ear type and grain color were significantly unrelated with the other six quantitative traits, in addition to ear type associated with seed weight and grain weight outside significantly. In addition to the growing period was not significantly related with seed weight and grain weight, others of quantitative traits were apparent interrelated highly.4. Through principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation for the nine phenotypic traits of 225 parts proso millet germplasm, it showed that the cumulative contribution rate of before five main components was 84.59%; 4105-2 from hei longjiang was lowest in comprehensive evaluation, but the comprehensive evaluation of lin he big yellow millet was the highest.5. The genetic diversity of 225 proso millet resources was investigated by using 23 pairs of SSR molecular marker.106 polymorphism bands were checked, and per pair primer amplified 4.6 allelic variations. PM16 had the 8alleles, maximum number of which. It also had the highest genetic diversity index and polymorphic information content percentage, which were 0.725 and 70.3% respectively. PM1 and PM2 had the minimum number of alleles, which was 3. PM1 had the highest major allele frequency which was 0.964, and it also had the lowest genetic diversity index and polymorphic information content percentage, which were 0.069 and 6.7%.6. Based on SSR markers analyzed the genetic diversity of millet resources from different origins. Each genetic polymorphism index of hei longjiang resources were the highest, but the each genetic diversity index of shan xi resources were minimum conversely. From the correlation investigation, it showed that simple size scores were not related with major allele frequency, the rest are significantly related with each other, mostly highly significantly correlated.7. Found on phenotypic traits and SSR markers clustering displayed three clustering methods divided the different number of groups, but the trend of each region were divided was consistent. Phenotype clustering was unclear. Clustering analysis and genetic structure analysis could be more clearly divided the resources into four or five regions, which group resources were connected with geographical regions. |
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