Investigation Of Introduction And Technology Of Rapid Propagation Of Cutting Chrysanthem Um ’Iwanohakusen’ For Exporting

’Iwanohakusen’is excellent cut chrysanthemum varieties introduced from Japan in recent years, mainly exported to Korea and Japan, and occupy a certain market share in China, mainly for the funeral industry and sacrifice, has high economic value and market prospect. This study conducted field visits and investigation of Fujian province cut chrysanthemum production the enterprise of ’Iwanohakusen’, florescence regulation, seed breeding, high yield and high quality cultivation techniques, mining post processing were summarized, find out the production problems, put forward feasible countermeasures and measures, provide a reference for the promotion and industrial cultivation of Cut Chrysanthemum’Iwanohakusen’. In view of the current ’Iwanohakusen’ seedlings to buy fewer sources and seedling price is high, can not meet the ’Iwanohakusen’ of large-scale promotion and industrialization of culture. The ’Iwanohakusen’ flowering buds as explants, prone to open tube Flowers, to the tissue culture rapid propagation increase the difficulty. Therefore, this study to ’Iwanohakusen’ seed in spike as explants, every link of the technology of tissue culture and rapid propagation of system research, establish a ’Iwanohakusen’ of tissue culture and rapid propagation system of, to break the monopoly of the ’Iwanohakusen’ of seeds and seedlings, large scale promotion and industrialization cultivation to provide high quality seedling, has the important theory significance and the practice value. The research results are as follows:1. Introduction of’Iwanohakusen’(1)’Iwanohakusen’in Youxi County, Sanming City, Fujian Province, Shaxian, Datian County and Yong’an City were introduced, through building plastic greenhouse, spraying B9 control shoot, artificial lighting, and other measures,’Iwanohakusen’ growth and development is good, breed characteristics obviously, can meet the requirements of exports to South Korea, export finished products rate of 80-85%, higher profit in the production, with broad prospects for development.(2) At present,’Iwanohakusen’seed breeding way to cutting propagation mainly. First from the domestic seedling agent from Japan buy original planting strains, the original planting were sold to domestic breeding of cut flower production enterprises and direct seeded,so it is easy to hair growing variety of intermixing and degradation, and seedlings every year only breeding a every year to buy seed mother plant from the agency company, resulting in higher production cost.(3)’Iwanohakusen’ in the introduction of production in Sanming area, there are the following problems:a’Iwanohakusen’bloom later than other areas of Fujian Province, not in the Qing Ming Festival flowering, miss the sales season; Sanming City winter or early spring cold wave will be on the greenhouse’Iwanohakusen’ seedlings to chilling or freezing injury and the plants impaired growth point, resulted in plant height is uneven, and flowering is not neat, the impact of harvesting and sales.(4) Strengthen the effect of flowering seed’Iwanohakusen’ introduction and industrialization strategies and measures:①using tissue culture technology of breeding seedlings, the use of molecular marker technology eliminated deterioration of seedlings to ensure seedling genetic consistency.②Strengthen the breeding work, the selection of better traits of cut chrysanthemum varieties.③Improve the cut chrysanthemum cultivation facilities, strengthen the post harvest treatment, reduce the impact of natural factors on the production of cut chrysanthemum.2.The technique system of tissue culture and rapid propagation was established(1)’Iwanohakusen’ sterile line. The buds and stems with axillary buds as explants,0.1%HgCl2 surface disinfectant, explore the effect of disinfection time of explant disinfection. The results showed that the best sterilization conditions of apical bud explants was 75%alcohol 30 s+0.1%HgCl2 3 min to disinfection, contamination rate was 2.2%, survival rate 96.7%; the best disinfection condition stems with axillary buds was 75%alcohol 30 s+0.1%HgCl2 4 min to disinfection, contamination rate was 4.4%, the survival rate was 92.2%; in the primary culture, to induce adventitious bud or bud seedlings effect than stems with axillary buds is better, therefore, the best explant buds for primary culture medium; The best Primary culture medium of ’Iwanohakusen’is MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA0.1 mg/L, the medium ratio of explants induced best effect rate was 100%the average single bud induction, a total of 1.69.(2) To establish the ’Iwanohakusen’ aseptic seedling leaf induced Adventitious Buds Regeneration System:to aseptic seedlings, bladed disk on the underside of the leaves as explants, to investigate the effects of the kinds and concentrations of hormones on Adventitious Shoot Regeneration from leaf disc. The results show that, to ’Iwanohakusen’ aseptic seedling leaves on the upper part of leaf discs were used as explants to induce adventitious bud effect best, the best induced culture medium was MS+6-BA1.0 mg/L+NAA0.1 mg/L; KT is not suitable for the ’Iwanohakusen’ shoot induction, the effect was not as good as 6-BA.(3) Establish and optimize the aseptic seedlings to induce adventitious bud regeneration system:to primary culture induced aseptic seedling segments as explants and proliferation on different hormone combinations and different kinds of basic culture medium. The results show that, the optimal proliferation medium is MS+ 6-BA1.5 mg/L+NAA0.15 mg/L, and cultivate 30d after multiplication coefficient reached 305, effective rate of bud 65.26%, average height of 3.22 cm. Also the paper studies different light irradiation time of aseptic seedlings, tufted bud induction effects. The results showed that the best light irradiation time is 16 hours per day and culture after 30d proliferation coefficient reached 317, bud rate is 72.73%, average plant high 3.44cm.(4) The ’Iwanohakusen’ of aseptic seedlings in the bottle rooting culture system: the proliferation of aseptic seedling segments as explants, adding NAA or IB A to 1/ 2MS medium for rooting. The results show that, as long as the addition of the auxin 1 /2MS medium can be induced by rootless seedling rooting and rooting rate reached 100%, indicating that auxin on rooting seedlings played a positive role in promoting; also of sucrose on rooting culture. The results show that culture medium sucrose concentration must be between 20-40 g/L, with increasing the concentration of sucrose, root growth condition is better, so in order to save costs, in production on the use of sucrose concentration for 30 g/L.(5) To explore the ’Iwanohakusen’ of aseptic seedlings bottle rooting: proliferation of aseptic seedlings after transplanting, from basic cut as cuttings, dipping NAA50 mg/L or NAA 100 mg/L for 5 min, directly into the matrix. In the day/night to 25/20℃, air humidity for 90% of the greenhouse, cutting after 5day rooting, better rooting effect; non optimal matrix for the rooted cuttings of vermiculite and perlite=1:1.(6) The ’Iwanohakusen’ rooting seedling hardening and transplanting: ’Iwanohakusen’ rooting of aseptic seedlings by pine cover 1 day, open cover 6 days for hardening plantlets transplanted to the matrix for peat vermiculite and perlite= 3:1:1 cave tray. The results show that transplanting 15 days after the survival rate of 100%; peat vermiculite soil pearl rock=3:1:1 best transplanting matrix, transplanting after 20 days survival rate of 100%, rapid recovery of seedlings grew well.