Harm Of Callosobruchus Maculates On Beans And Its Growing And Progenitive Properties

A culture experiment in constant temperature incubator was conducted to investigate the effect of bean on growth and reproduction of Callosobruchus maculates, aimed to comprehensively understand the biological characteristics of Callosobruchus maculates, for providing theoretical references for its controlling. The varieties of beans were red small bean, mung bean, soybean, chickpea, rice bean, black soya bean, hyacinth bean, broad bean, pea. The primary results were as follows:1、The selectivity of Callosobruchus maculates to bean variety was different, and the beans could pose different influence on its growth and development. The results showed that mung bean and small red bean were proper for Callosobruchus maculates growth, with emphasis on the weight (0.76 mg、0.71mg) and figure (length:2.79 mm、 2.69 mm; width:1.45 mm、1.44 mm). Correspondingly, the two beans were damaged severely (damaged percentage:91.5%,80.2%; damaged weight:7.48 g,6.92 g).2、The characteristics (development stage, survival rate and oviposition behavior) of Callosobruchus maculates were affected largely by beans. Although no significant difference of egg stage appeared in different beans, the bean-existing and immature stages exhibited significant difference, which the two stages of green bean and small red bean were shorter than others. Additionally, the survival rates of three stages were greatly influenced by bean varieties, ranging from 57.33-91.00% (egg stage) 、 54.56-90.23% (bean-existing stage)、43.10-84.17% (generation stage), respectively. The survival rates of above three stages in small red bean, green bean and rice bean, up to 80.23%, were higher than other beans, indicating that the three beans were proper for Callosobruchus maculates development. In contrast, black soya bean and broad bean were not favorite for Callosobruchus maculates. Additionally, the oviposition of Callosobruchus maculates was influenced by bean varieties, while lifetime was less affected. The study showed that egg stage and egg quantity exhibited the opposite trend. The egg quantity was relatively high (92 and 86) in mung bean and small red bean, while the egg stage was 8.41 d and 8.54 d, respectively. In comparison, the egg quantity in other beans ranged from 63-81, and the egg stage varied from 8.96-11.34 d. Although no significant difference appeared in different bean varieties, the lifetime of Callosobruchus maculates was relatively high.