| Cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS), as a commonly biological phenomenon in higher plant, has an important value in the heterosis utilization. In order to understand biological characteristics and differences in ease of recovery and restoring ability of different restorer lines among different male sterile wheats, five isonucleus male sterile lines(K706A, Va706 A, Ju706 A, C6706 A, U706A), maintain system(706B) and ten K-type restorer lines(6521-2, LK783, 1321, 223 Yuan-9, 9023 Wan, X197, Su 7078 and Su 968, Chinese spring, WM5-5) were selected as research objects, and the 1B/1R chromosome of all test materials were identified. Also, the anther, grain and grain morphology of male sterile line and the maintainer were compared. The recovery ability of 5 types of sterile lines and 10 restorer lines were evaluated(Yangling, Qianxian and Sanyuan), and the fine sterile lines and restorer lines were screened. and the recovery genes of the restorer lines were tested. TP116 B and TM3315 B were used as the test donor materials in the temperature sensitive male sterile line of K type wheat, and five cytoplasmic male sterile lines were used as receptor materials to analyze the temperature sensitive characteristics of K type thermo-sensitive gene into other cytoplasm. The following results were obtained:1. The anther of male sterile lines and maintain line were significantly different. The anthers of male sterile lines were short, shrinkage, and at the top of anther had different degrees of bending, and no crack, no shed. The anther of the maintain line was full, the wall of anther was split, and a large amount of pollen was shed. The results of lodine staining showed that the pollen abortion type of K706 A, Ju706 A, U706 A were dyed, the pollen grains were round, and the staining were not uniform, and dark brown reaction occurred; The pollen abortion type of Va706 A, C6706 A were irregular, shuttle shape or triangle, no dark brown reaction; the pollen shape of maintain line(706B) was regular, uniform, round, and the pollen was fully and evenly stained with a dark brown color.2. Using specific markers and the A-PAGE method of detecting the Gliadin to distinguish 1BL/1RS type and non 1BL/1RS type of wheat. The results showed that Va706 A, Ju706 A, C6706 A, U706 A and 706 B were homozygous 1BL/1RS; 6521-2, LK783, 1321, 223 Yuan- 9, X197, Su 7078 and Su 968, Chinese spring, WM5-5 were non-1BL / 1RS; K706 A, 9023 Wan were heterozygous 1BL / 1RS.3. There was a great difference in the seed setting rate of hybrid F1 of five male sterile lines and ten restorer lines, and there were significant differences in the relationship between the male sterile lines and the male sterile lines, In five cytoplasmic male sterile lines, the easy restoration of K706 A was the best, Ju706 A and U706 A were in the middle, and C6706 A was the worst one. The results of the analysis of agronomic traits showed that the flag leaf of hybrid F1 was significant or extremely significant difference, while plant high, width of the flag leaf, panicle length, panicle neck length, ear under section long had no significant difference.4. The resilience of ten restorer lines were measured and found that high resilience LK783, 223 yuan-9 has a high restoring force. The allelic test showed that in the Va type cytoplasmic background, the restorer gene of X197, 9023 and WM5-5 is non-allelic. In the C6 type cytoplasmic background, the restorer gene X197 and LK783 is non-allelic. In the U type cytoplasmic background, the restorer gene WM5-5 and LK783 is non-allelic. However, in the specific cytoplasmic background, the restore gene contained in other restorer lines is allelic or closely linked.5. TM3315 B was crossed to five male sterile lines, the F1 self seed setting rate was 0 in the field of natural conditions, which showed male sterility. However, at higher temperatures treatment(flagging to flowering), the hybrid F1 of TM3315 B and K706 A, Va706 A, C6706 A, U706 A are partially fertile and the self seed rates were 20.4%, 31.3%, 30.0%, 12.5%, indicating that K-type temperature sensitive of TM3315 B also has the characteristics of temperature sensitivity in other cytoplasmic background. And no matter under natural conditions in the field or temperature conditions, the hybrid F1 of TP116 B were still sterile, and the self seed setting rate was 0, indicating that K temperature sensitive gene of TP116 B in other cytoplasmic background, does not have the temperature sensitivity. |
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