Strain Collection And Expanding Process In Cultivation Of Ten Edible Mushrooms

Recent years, with the rapid development of edible mushroom industry, some of the bottleneck problems of the industry gradually revealed, Strain collection and expanding process are the two outstanding issues. Strain as a source of production, directly related to the yield and the quality of the final product, its importance is self-evident. At present, the commonly used methods of strain collection are frozen drying collection or liquid nitrogen collection at super low temperature or paraffin oil seal or 4 ℃ collection in test tube. The effect of the first two methods is good, but for the technology, equipment and capital requirements are higher, not suitable for the production of the enterprise; About the last two methods, the operation is relatively simple, low price, but due to the excessive number of tubes culture, extremely easy to cause strain degradation, lead to the loss of production, and occupies a larger collection space. Therefore, preservation mode with high efficiency and low cost and good way to solve the propagation of strain are necessary to be explored. About strain expansion, there is no uniform standard for edible mushroom strain production in China. In the process of expanding, each production enterprise did not fully take the factors of different strains required for different culture method into account, most use PDA medium and 25℃ as a suitable culture method, the breeding strains often have the problems of inefficiency, not strong resistance, easy degradation and so on, easily caused strain degradation and the loss of production.In view of this situation, we start from the convenient production point of view, with a simple, efficient, cheap as the goal, combined with multi-disciplinary knowledge, using new method, new technology, continuously optimize the common culture of the preservation methods and culture, optimizated strain collection methods and expanding process methods of the ten kinds of common cultivation of edible mushroom, in order to obtain a good strain collection and expanding process methods that can be applied in the industry.In the aspects of strain collection, explored the feasibility of collection of edible mushroom strains by using the method of freezing storage tube at-20℃.In this way, the strain can be effectively preserved, and the price is low, the occupied space of collection is small, meanwhile, a household refrigerator can complete the collection process, and the application is simple and convenient.In view of the different strains, by continuously optimizing the type of protective liquid, concentration and thawing method, explored the strain collection effect of ten edible mushroom in this way.In the aspects of strain expanding, in order to achieve the goal of high quality and fast propagation of different strains in different technology, through continuous optimization of the culture medium, temperature, pH, rotation speed and other conditions, using the colony diameter diffusion method and dry weight method as the main evaluation index, to optimize the expanding process of solid and liquid strains.In the aspects of strain collection, we found that the strains of Flammulina velutipes, Tricholoma lobayense Heim, Agrocybe aegirit, Hypsizygus marmoreus are suitable to this collection method of freezing storage tube at-20℃.The suitable way for the collection of H.marmoreus: joining 0.5ml1% xanthan gum(Concentration 0.25%) as the protective liquid, and then add the liquid strain to the 2ml, collection in freezing storage tube at-20 ℃. Thaw culture medium formula(/ L):yeast extract 10 g, peptone 6g, glucose20 g, agar 15 g, water 1000 ml, pH 6.0, 25℃.The suitable way for the collection of F.velutiper(Fr.) Sing: joining 0.5ml60% glycerol(Concentration 15%) as the protective liquid, and then add the liquid strain to the 2ml, collection in freezing storage tube at-20 ℃.Thaw culture medium formula(/ L):yeast extract 10 g, peptone 6g, glucose20 g, agar 15 g, water 1000 ml, pH 6.5, 28℃.The suitable way for the collection of T.Lobayensc Heim: joining0.5ml1% xanthan gum(Concentration 0.25%) as the protective liquid, and then add the liquid strain to the 2ml, collection in freezing storage tube at-20 ℃.Thaw culture medium formula(/ L):yeast extract 10 g, peptone 6g, glucose20 g, agar 15 g, water 1000 ml, pH5.5, 28℃.The suitable way for the preservation of A.aegirit: joining 1ml60% glycerin(Concentration 30%)+0.5ml1% xanthan gum(Concentration 0.25%) or 1ml20% mannitol(Concentration 10%) +0.5ml1% xanthan gum(Concentration 0.25%) as the protective liquid, and then add the liquid strain to the 2ml, collection in freezing storage tube at-20 ℃. Thaw culture medium formula(/ L):yeast extract 10 g, peptone 6g, glucose20 g, agar 15 g, water 1000 ml, pH 5.0, 28℃.In the aspects of strain expanding, during the experiment of culture of 10 common cultivated edible mushroom strains, according to different kinds of edible mushroom strains, the culture conditions of different edible mushroom were put forwardSolid culture conditions of strains: The suitable way for the solid culture of H.marmoreus strains is 25℃, pH6.0, GPY solid medium; The suitable way for the solid culture of Pleurotus geesteranus strains is 25-28℃, pH7.0, GPY solid medium; The suitable way for the solid culture of Lentinula edodes strains is 25℃, pH4.5, GPY solid medium; The suitable way for the solid culture of F.velutipes strains is 28℃, pH6.5, GPY solid medium; The suitable way for the solid culture of T.lobayense Heim strains is 28℃, pH5.5, GPY solid medium; The suitable way for the solid culture of Coprinus comatus strains is 28℃, pH6.5, GPY solid medium; The suitable way for the solid culture of A.aegerita strains is 28℃, pH6.0, GPY solid medium; The suitable way for the solid culture of Pleurotus ostreatus strains is 25℃, pH7.0, GPY solid medium; The suitable way for the solid culture of Stropharia rugosoannulata strains is 25-28℃, pH6.0, PDA solid medium; The suitable way for the solid culture of Pleurotus eryngiistrains is 28℃, pH6.0, wheat bran solid medium.Liquid culture conditions of strains: The suitable way for the liquid culture of H.marmoreus strains is 25℃,pH7,GPY liquid medium; The suitable way for the liquid culture of P.geesteranus strains is 25-28℃,pH6,PDA liquid medium; The suitable way for the liquid culture of P.ostreatus strains is 25℃,pH7,GPY liquid medium; The suitable way for the liquid culture of T.lobayense Heim strains is 28℃,pH6.5, wheat bran liquid medium; The suitable way for the liquid culture of S.rugosoannulata strains is 25-28℃,pH6.5,PDA liquid medium; The suitable way for the liquid culture of L.edodes strains is 25℃,pH4.5, wheat bran liquid medium; The suitable way for the liquid culture of C.comatus strains is 25-28℃,pH6,GPY liquid medium; The suitable way for the liquid culture of A.aegerita strains is 28℃,pH6.5,PDA liquid medium; The suitable way for the liquid culture of F.velutipes strains is 28℃,pH7,PDA liquid medium; The suitable way for the liquid culture of P.eryngii strains is 28℃,pH5.5,PDA liquid medium.