Extraction And Separation Of Active Ingredients In Schisandra Chinensis(Turcz.)Baill And Antifungal Effect On Diseases Of Fruit Trees

Chemical substances extracted from the Schisandra chinensis and its application in disease control is a hot issue. According to the polarity of the test substance herein by silica gel column chromatography, the initially extracted substance was separated and concentrated to give 7 kinds of segments of different polarity. Three kinds of important agricultural plant pathogens, apple ring rot fungi (Botryosphaeria berengeriana f.sp.piricola), peach brown rot pathogen (Monilinia fructicola) and original strawberry root rot fungi (Fusarium oxysporum) as the tested pathogens, mycelium growth rate and spore germination rate will be used to measure the inhibitory effect of Schisandra extract on the three pathogenic fungi. Three extracts were screened out and was marked as SE-Ⅰ, SE-Ⅱ and SE-Ⅲ. And explored the mechanism of the antifungal effect of the three active substances of Schisandra chinensis. The main research results are as follows:1. Our experiments proved that crude active substances was obtained by acetone:water=7:3 and was then separated to give seven fractions according to gradient elution.2. SEs can significantly inhibite the mycelium growth of pathogenic fungi at different degree. The inhibition rate of SE-Ⅰ to the three pathogenic fungi was 52.38%,51.38% and 64.76% respectively. The inhibition rate of SE-Ⅱ was 59.71%,67.36% and 77.78% respectively. The inhibition rate of SE-Ⅲ was 78.02%,77.78% and 100% respectively. Spore germination experiments proved that SE-Ⅲ, SE-Ⅱ and SE-Ⅰ had significant inhibitory effect on the spore germination of three pathogenic fungi in different culture stages (24h and 48h).3. Inoculation experiments also proved that the SE-Ⅲ prevent apple and peach from being infected from the pathogenic fungi. These experiments also provide the evidence that the stems and leaves of Schisandra chinensis contains significantly active ingredient that can inhibite the growth of plant pathogenic fungi.4. Experimental study on physiological mechanism showed that under the treatment of Schisandra active substances, ROS production in treated pericarp was significantly lower than that of the control group. (MDA) content in treated group was alos significantly lower than that of the control group. Activity of SOD and CAT increased significantly in treated group.5. The molecular mechanism of the research showed that Schisandra active substances in the treated group, MdPR4, MdAFS, MdPAL and MdPPO, the four genes expression was up-regulated significantly and with processing time changes, it showed a different variation. The Schisandra active substances SE-Ⅱ is the most pronounced.