Investigation On Forest Diseases Flora In Shenyang Qipanshan Scenic Spot

The flora is rich and the species are various in the Shenyang Qipanshan scenic spot,due to the climate and other factors, breed a large number of forest disease resources and have a certain harm to the existing forest. In this paper, a comprehensive survey of forest diseases in the Shenyang Qipanshan scenic spot, the species composition, damage degree and risk assessment, occurrence and development of the disease in this area are studied and analyzed. The main research methods and results are as follows:1. The comprehensive surveying method, collecting forest disease specimens in the Qipanshan scenic area, using the traditional classification method to identify the collected samples of the disease. The results showed that checkerboard mountain region of disease there were 118 species, there were 15 new records of tree diseases in China, and there were 10 new records of Liaoning tree diseases. There were 4 kinds of pathogenic fungi, bacteria, mites and physiology, among them,103 kinds of fungal diseases,7 bacterial diseases,7 kinds of physiological diseases,1 kinds of mites diseases,14 genera and 19 species belong to Ascomycotina; 10 genera and 12species belong to Basidiomycotina; 19 genera and 37 species belong to Deuteromycotina,bacterial pathogen plant coli class 3 genera and 3 species, mites pathogenic eriophyoidea 1 genera, and 1species, cumulative number of physiological drought. Fungal diseases were main diseases in the region.2. Using statistical inductive method to counting the symptom categories, host categories and hazardous locations of forest diseases in the Qipanshan scenic spot. The results showed that there were 20 types of tree diseases, among the common kingds are leaf spot, leaf blight, powdery mildew and shoot blight four types,hazards of forest species were 25,17,15 and 10 species respectively. Second, more common symptoms were sewage, rust, rot and perforation,the other symptoms were less than 10.3. Random sampling method,we investigate the damage degree of forest diseases in the Qipanshan scenic spot.By counting method statisticsed the incidence of the disease of forest diseases in the Qipanshan scenic spot and by classified into five grades weighted average method statusticsed the disease index. The results showed that the incidence rate of more than 50% of the disease had 6 kinds, incidence of disease in 40%-50% there were 7 kinds of diseases,the incidence rate of less than 105 of the 40% species. There were 3 kinds of diseases in the disease index in more than 30, there are 17 kinds of disease index in 10-20, the incidence of the disease in 10 of the following 98 kinds of diseases. That the most serious harm the withered disease of Cenangium ferruginosum Fr.ex Fr., Microsphaera syringae A.Jaca, Alternaria ellisii Pandotra,Botryosphaeria ribis(Tode)Gross et Dugg, Valsa sordida Nites and Melampsora magnusiana Wagner mountain region of main diseases. The risk assessment of 6 major diseases of the Qipanshan scenic spot was carried out by using the multi index comprehensive evaluation method, and the risk was expressed by R value.The results showed that Cenangium ferruginosum Fr.ex Fr(R=1.59),Microsphaera syringae A.Jaca(R=1.93), Alternaria ellisii Pandotra(R=1.73),Botryosphaeria ribis(Tode) Gross et Dugg(R=1.65), Valsa sordida Nites(R=1.74)and Melampsora magnusiana Wagner(R= 1.87)belongs to a moderate risk of forestry harmful biological.4. Using fixed-point sampling method, to study the different slope and different forest types of the disease types and the degree of harm. Semi shaded slope diseases were most ridge diseases were the fewest, shady slope and the average incidence rate and the average disease index were the highest, half shade semi sunny slope was the lowest. The more close to the lower abdomen slope area, the occurrence of forest disease is more serious, more types of forest diseases. The results showed that the semi shaded slope diseases were most ridge diseases were the fewest, shady slope and the average incidence rate and the average disease index were the highest, half shade semi sunny slope was the lowest. The more close to the lower abdomen slope area, the occurrence of forest disease was more serious, more types of forest diseases.In the artificial forest type,the species of pure forest diseases were more common than mixed forest. Robinia pseudoacacia pure forest and Populus pure forest were most types of disease, Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. pure forest the incidence rate and incidence index was highest, Pinus sylvestris and Pinus tabulaeformis mixed forest disease rate and disease index wae the lowest. The natural forest type, hardwood broad-leaved forest species of diseases was most,Quercus wutaishansea pure forest incidence and index was highest,the broad-leaved hardwood forest incidence and index was the lowest. The disease occurrence period of the scenic spot of the chess board was studied by using the regular observation method. The results showed that the initial period of the disease of forest trees in the area of the Qipanshan scenic spot was usually in the annual May and June, the peak of the incidence of the disease was generally in the year August and September, the incidence of the termination period was generally in October.