Classification Index System Of Vulnerable Ecological Region Based On Soil And Water Conservation In Northwest China

As it is provided in article 18 and article 21 of the "Law of the People’s Republic of China on Water and Soil Conservation", which was revised in 2010,in vulnerable ecological region, actions that may cause soil and water loss shall be restricted or prohibited. Protecting plants, sand shell and lichens strictly,as well as prohibiting deforestation, grass destruction and tree stumps’ digging-up play an important role in soil and water conservation. Government needs to limit collection activities of caterpillar fungus, licorice, ephedra and other important vegetation in key controlling areas of soil and water loss. However, till now there are no detailed policy measures to implement two articles, especially how to divide vulnerable ecological region. Classification scheme needs to be proposed for the implementation of the soil and water conservation law by using literature research, principal component analysis and the other methods. The study scope of this thesis includes the following regions:the area that soil erosion is larger, intensity is higher, and damage is more serious; the area that ecological system has low ability to resist the disturbance or restore the ecological balance; the area that the recovery ability is low and the degradation trend is not effectively controlled. For example, the northern sandy area, the Loess Plateau area and the Qinghai Tibet Plateau area.The classification index system of vulnerable ecological region is proposed, on the basis of field research in the typical research area. Climate, soil, vegetation, topography and natural disaster are five parts of the index system. Accumulated temperature, precipitation, soil type, vegetation type, vegetation cover, topographic relief, altitude and annual disaster are selected as specific index to establish classification index system of vulnerable ecological region. In order to evaluate vulnerability of the ecological environment in a certain area, the level of the vulnerable ecological region is determined according to the specific evaluation indicator of the area. Considering the resources, environment, economy and other factors, management of vegetation protection, ecological restoration and other countermeasure are put forward for different levels of vulnerable ecological region.