| Arhopalus rusticus, which has the strongest ability to carry Bursaphelenchus mucronatus after Monochamus alternatus, is a kind of wood boring pest, mainly harmful to weak conifers and dry wood after fires,. It can be spread with logs, wood packaging and other transportations for a long distance, endangering coniferous forests and threatening import and export trade. The biological characteristic of A.rusticus were observed in the study, experimented by EAG test, olfactory behavior test and field trapping test of A. rusticus with host plant volatile organic compounds, The aim of the study is to find out the effective plant source attractant of A. rusticus, looking forward to lay a foundation for monitoring and trapping techniques of A. rusticus.Semi-artificial diet which meets the needs of growth of A. rusticus larvae has been developed. As both of the pupation rate and the emergence rate of it are more than 70%, the diet could be used for large-scale feeding of A. rusticus larvae with low cost.A preliminary study was carried out on emergence regularities, oviposition selectivity and mating behavior of A. rusticus adults. Result indicated that A. rusticus adults happened from early June to the end of July, and their preference of oviposition to different host had no significant difference. A complete mating process of A. rusticus involved four stages:encounter, pair-bonding, ejaculation and post-copulatory guarding. Most of the A. rusticus adults mated repeatedly, up to 17 times a day. Mating behavior of A. rusticus presented drastic male competition, which appeared as fighting and post-copulatory guarding. Outdoor observation result showed that mating behavior was more frequently during day time.Several host plant volatile organic compounds of A. rusticus were selected for EAG test. The result showed that A. rusticus adults had no significant difference on the EAG response of the same kind of compound. The EAG response of antenna was different under the stimulation by compounds of different concentrations. Adults had stronger EAG response to p-pinene, a-pinene and 3-caren, weaker to y-terpinene and camphene. Within a certain concentration range, the strength of EAG response increased with the increase of the concentration of the volatile compounds, while it was not obvious at low concentration. The experiment indicated that all of the 18 mixtures could arouse EAG response of A. rusticus adults, and the response to some of the mixtures was obviously stronger than to the compounds.Olfactory behavior test of A. rusticus to compounds and mixtures, including four arm olfactometer and wind tunnel, showed that A. rusticus adults were not sensitive to compounds of low concentration. Adults had stronger olfactory response to a-pinene, β-pinene and 3-caren, and had the most sensitive response to L2, which was a mixture of α-pinene, β-pinene,3-caren and y-terpinene in a certain proportion.In cording to the results of EAG and olfactory behavior experiment, several mixtures were chose to be the lure of field trapping test, using cross shaped trap to take the field trapping test. Results showed that lure based on M3 (mixture of a-pinene and 3-caren), S (mixture of a-pinene, β-pinene,3-caren, γ-terpinene and camphene) and L2 (mixture of a-pinene, β-pinene,3-caren and y-terpinene) had best effect to trap A. rusticus, average trapping amount were respectively 22.0±2.1,9.3±0.9 and 7.3±0.3, significantly higher than the figure of blank control group. Therefore, they could be used in A. rusticus trapping. |
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