Study On Responses Of Different Potato Genotypes To Drought And Anti-drought Measures

Potatoes are not only high yield but also nutritious, which are one of the world’s most important staple food crops and play an important role in food safety. Drought is one of the major limiting factors in potato production, and the exploration of cost-effective drought cultivation practices and screening of drought-resistant potato varieties are the keys to develop the potato industry in arid areas. In this study, in order to screen for cultivated potato varieties with high yield and quality that are appropriate in semi-arid areas, 18 potato varieties(lines) in different colors are selected as testing materials, and the measurement of yield and nutritional quality changes under four kinds conditions are performed in the Yulin area, including the drip, drip and super absorbent ploymer, drip and film mulch, and rainfed cultivating conditions. The results are as follows:(1) Under dryland rainfed conditions, the yield of different potato genotypes were an average of 18.55 t/hm2, but large variations were found among the varieties. In this research,the purple potato Xiyu B1508 exhibited outstanding, yield can be reach to 30.85 t/hm2 with high drought resistance.(2) Under drip irrigation, compared with dryland rainfed production increased substantially from 40 to 60 t/hm2, the rate of yield increased up to 1~5 times. The yield of Xixuan Y1577 reached at 82.07 t/hm2.(3) Under drip drip and super absorbent ploymer conditions the average yield of all varieties was very similar to that of drip irrigation with slightly lower, but compared with the dryland under the rain raise conditions, the yield was 2 times more.(4) Under drip and film mulch conditions, the average yield is almost the same as that in drip irrigation, can reach to 53.34 t/hm2.(5) The research showed that dry matter and starch content under drip dry matter and starch content was almost slightly lower than under rainfed conditions; total phenolic and anthocyanin content is much higher than that of ordinary potatoes, white and yellow onees.(6) Through different irrigation measures 18 tested varieties(lines) of the main agronomic traits and quality variation show, three breeding lines were preformed very well,they are white Xixuan W1585, yellow Xixuan Y1577 and purple Xiyu B1508. Especially the purple potato Xiyu B1508 had the best outstanding performance in four treatments, the average yield was the top of the three treatments and also have a high starch content and total phenolic and anthocyanin contents.The study confirms that, in the Arid Region of Northern dryland rainfed cultivation conditions, water is the main factor restricting potato production. With the same varieties and the same fertility conditions, increased water supply, production can increase 1~3 times higher. However, different variety has deferent reaction to drought conditions. Therefore,breeding drought-resistant varieties is necessary. The study also showed that the use of super absorbent polymer and film mulch have little effect on yield. From the cost point of view, it may not be a good way to use.