Primary Identification Of Anthocyanidins In Rhododendron Flowers With Different Colors And Study On Tissue Culture Of Rhododendron Calophytum Franch

Rhododendron calophytum Franch, is a kind of evergreen shrub of ornamental plants, shows high ornamental values in tree shape, trunks, leaves, flowers and fruits. The breeding rate of R. calophytum in cutting and grafting are low, so it can not meet the needs of the urban landscaping. The tissue culture of the study of R. calophytum aimed to establish the rapid propagation of R. calophytum, can help to preserve the germplasm resources of R. calophytum, promote the introduction and domestication of R. calophytum in the urban greening. At the same time, three kinds of different colors of R. calophytum petals and nine species or cultivars of Rhododendron petals were taken as materials to study the components of pigment and the mechanisms of the color changing in petals. Results were as follows:1 Two species or seven cultivars of Rhododendron were used as the material to analyze their color and describe floral phenotypic traits. Results showed that 13 kinds of monomeric phenols were detected. the main chromogenic pigments in them were glycosides of Quercetin like Quercetin-3-rhamnoside, Quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, and also contained Catechin, Dihydroquercetin, Myricetin, Rutin, Kaempfero and Aminoglycosides. The increase of the anthocyanin content can reduce the brightness of flowers and make the color more red. The results of cluster analysis by the monomer phenol content was consistent with the results of grouping with colors.2 The petals of different color of R. calophytum were identified using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and UV photo-spectrometer; and then quantit- atively analyzed with HPLC-Diode array detector(DAD). Results demonstrated that the main chromogenic pigments in three different colors of R. calophytum flowers were Delphinidin, Pelargonidin, Cyanidin-galactoside, Cyanidin-3-rutinoside, Arabinopyranoisde, Rutin, ρ-Coumaric acid, Dihydroquercetin, Myricetin, Kaempferol and Ouecetin. The color change of the petal of R. calophytum is mainly due to the different of combination of anthocyanin and other flavonoids. In addition, it is also directly related to the content of anthocyanins and other flavonoids.3 Wild R. calophytum seeds in the Qinling Mountains area were used as explants. Explored the effects of the explant disinfection time, the best medium for primary culture, hormone concentrations on the proliferation and rooting culture with random test method. The results showed that, the best disinfection time of seeds was 7min. Tissule culture was mainly through the formation of buds germination of axillary buds. Propagation coefficient of adventitious bud reached 4 in the WPS medium with 1.5 mg·L-1 ZT and 0.5 mg·L-1 NAA, and cluster buds growing well. Rooting culture in 1/2WPM, after 30 d, the rooting rate reached 100%. And plantlets grew strong, roots developed well.