| As one of the ten traditional flowers in China,Rhododendron is a world-famous ornamental flower with high ornamental value.The purpose of this study is to maintain the good characteristics of the varieties,prevent the degradation of the varieties,achieve rapid expansion and factory nursery.In this research,the R.rivulare,the new superior species ’Carnation’,’Fan Ribbon’,’Red Tiara’ and hybrid azalea(R.ponticum X R.decorum)were used for the subject,through the research on sterilization,induction,proliferation,seedling strengthening,rooting culture and seedling transplanting,we screened out the suitable basic culture medium and plant growth regulator ratio,and provided the theoretical basis and supporting technical means for the large-scale industrial development of five species(varieties)of azalea.The main research results are as follows:(1)Disinfection of azalea explants.The test results showed that the disinfection methods of stem segments of R.rivulare,’Carnation’,’Pink Ribbons’ and ’Red Tiara’were soaking in 75%alcohol for 30 s,rinsing in sterile water 2 times and 2%sodium hypochlorite disinfection for 8 min,2 rinses of calcium chloride solution,and 5 rinses of sterile water;hybrid azalea seed disinfection methods were 75%alcohol soaking for 30 s,1 rinse of sterile water,2%sodium hypochlorite disinfection for 6 min,2 rinses of calcium chloride solution,and 4 rinses of sterile water.(2)Initiation of explants.The optimum medium formulations for axillary bud induction from stem segments of R.rivulare,’Carnation’,’Pink Ribbons’ and ’Red Tiara’ azaleas were WPM+3.0 mg·L-1 ZT+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA,WPM+2.0 mg·L-1 ZT+1.0 mg·L-1 NAA,WPM+2.5 mg·L-1 ZT+0.1 mg·L-1 NAA,WPM+2.0 mg·L-1 ZT+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA,the induction rates were 45.24%,94.44%,94.44%,and 80.55%,respectively;in addition,the effects of basic medium,ZT and NAA on axillary shoot induction of R.rivulare all reached highly significant levels,with the effect basic medium>ZT>NAA.The best starter medium formulation for hybrid azalea seeds was WPM+2.0 mg·L-1 ZT+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA,with sprouting rate was 82.14%.There was a highly significant difference in the effect of ZT and NAA on the germination rate of hybrid azalea seeds,and the seedlings grew better in the higher concentration of NAA treatment.(3)The optimum culture conditions and results of the proliferation test for Azalea were:R.rivulare:WPM+2.0 mg·L-1 ZT+0.1 mg·L-1 GA3+0.1 mg·L-1 NAA,with a proliferation coefficient of 9.11;’Carnation’ and ’Red Tiara’:WPM+2.0 mg·L-1 ZT+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA,with proliferation coefficients of 6.33,4.33,in that order;’Pink Ribbons’:WPM+ 3.0 mg·L-1 ZT+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA,with a proliferation coefficient of 6.00;hybrid azalea:WPM+2.0 mg·L-1 ZT+2.0 mg·L-1 TDZ+1.5 mg·L-1 NAA,with a proliferation coefficient of 9.33.The effect of ZT on the value-added coefficients of R.rivulare,’Carnation’,’Pink Ribbons’,’Red Tiara’ and hybrid azalea all reached a highly significant level,which indicates that the cytokinin ZT had a proliferation effect of the five species(varieties)of Rhododendrons was extremely effective.When GA3 was 1.0 mg·L-1 in the proliferation culture of R.rivulare,the proliferation seedlings did not grow well and showed dwarfing of plants and aging of leaves.(4)Sturdy seedling culture stage.The best stout medium formulation for R.rivulare,’Carnation’ and ’Pink Ribbons’ was WPM+0.5 mg·L-1 ZT+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA;’Red Tiara’ was WPM+0.5 mg·L-1 ZT+0.1 mg·L-1 NAA;hybrid azalea was WPM+0.1 mg·L-1 ZT+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA.(5)Root induction tests showed that the most suitable medium formulations and results for Azalea wereR.rivulare:WPM+20 g·L-1 Sucrose+1.0 mg·L-1 NAA+1.5 mg·L-1 IBA+1.0 g·L-1 AC,rooting rate was 80.09%;’Carnation’ and’Pink Ribbons’:WPM+3.0 mg·L-1 IBA+1.0 g·L-1 AC,rooting rate of 70.65%,74.63%,respectively;’Red Tiara’:WPM+3.0 mg·L-1 IBA+0.5 g·L-1 AC,rooting rate was 62.32%;hybrid azalea:WPM+1.5 mg·L-1 IBA+0.5 mg·L-1 NAA+0.5 g·L-1 AC,the rooting rate was 75.31%.In addition,the effect of AC on rooting of R.rivulare and hybrid azalea both reached a highly significant level,while it was significant for ’Carnation’ and ’Red Tiara’,which indicated that AC could effectively promote the rooting of azalea.Among them,R.rivulare,’Carnation’ and ’Pink Ribbons’ had the best rooting effect at AC of 1.0 g·L-1,’Red Tiara’ and hybrid azalea rooted best at AC of 0.5 g·L-1.(6)The five species(varieties)of azaleas had the highest survival rate and the plants grew better when the ratio of peat soil,perlite and river sand substrate was 2:1:1.The survival rates were 83.33%for R.rivulare,85.00%for ’Carnation’,85.00%for ’Pink Ribbons’ 90.00%,’Red Tiara’ 65.00%,and hybrid azalea 84.00%. |
PDF Full Text Request