| Through analyzing the feed intake, blood physiological, biochemical indicators and sex hormone levels of Lophophorus lhuysii, the present study explored the feasibility of improving the reproductive performance(start laying date, spawning period, egg weight, eggshell quality, fertilization rate, etc.) based on adjusting lighting system and improving the nutritional level. Selecting 8 adult individuals(female 4, male 4) of similar weight and randomly divided into two groups of a control group and a test group(N=4, female 2, male, 2), and each group set two repeat(N=2, female 1, male 1). The control group is the group under condition of the natural light. The test group was under the contdition of being added artificial light. The test group was provided artificial photoperiod(8L:16D) in the non-breeding period and the breeding period of artificial photoperiod(16L:8D). The nutritional level of Lophophorus lhuysii in the non-breeding and in the breeding period were fed respectively references the Chinese pheasant’s(Phasianus coichicus) standard nutritional needs. The main results are as follows:1. The result showed that the food intake of the test group under the photoperiod(8L:16D)was higher than the control group in the non-breeding period;Blood physiological indices between the test group and the control group were not vary; the glucose concentration of the test group’s blood biochemical indices was significantly(P<0.01) higher than those of the control group, and total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea content of the test group were lower than the control group; FSH, LH, PRL and T indices of the test group were higher than the control group.The result showed that the food intake of the test group under the photoperiod(16L:8D) was higher than the control group in the breeding period, index difference of blood physiological in the test group and control group was not vary; Blood biochemical para-meters in the test group of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotr-ansferase, cholinesterase content, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, iron, magnesium, cholesterol, triglycerides, etc. higher than the control group. Blood hormone E2 and T of the test group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.01); LH of the test group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05); FSH, PRL of the test group were higher than the control group. Male courtship behavior of the test group happened earlier than the control group, and with higher frequency; The test groups have 26 days in advance of production than the control group, the spawning period was extended by two days, the fertilization rate was increased by 80%.The first egg weight increased 3.1g, average egg weight increased 2.0g, eggshell density increased 0.88 mg/cm2, the total number of eggs increased 1.2. The feed(feed II) nutrient levels in non-breeding period were higher than the feed(feed I) used in feeding place in the pre-test. The food intake of Lophophorus lhuysii in non-breeding feeding(feed II) was significantly(p<0.01) lower than feed intake which is used before the test(feed I). The white blood cell count of post-test(feed II) in blood physiological index was significantly(p<0.01) lower than that of pre-test(feed I). The red blood cell count, hemoglobin were higher than those before the test(feed I). The blood total protein and globulin in blood biochemical indices with feed II were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those before the test(feed I).The alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, cholinesterase, glucose, uric acid, calcium, inorganic phosphorus and triglycerides were higher than feed I. After feeding feed II in blood hormone indices of FSH, LH, PRL, T ratio test before feeding I were increased.Nutritional level of feed III in breeding period was higher than that of feed II in non-breeding period. Food intake in breeding period was lower than that in non-breeding period. Food intake in breeding period was lower than that in non-breeding period. The white cell count of blood physiological index in breeding period was significantly higher than that in non-breeding period(P<0.01), and mean hemoglobin concentration was significantly(P<0.05) higher than that in the non-breeding period. The iron content of blood biochemical index in breeding period was significantly(p<0.05) higher than that in non-breeding period. The blood FSH and E2 of blood hormone indices in breeding period was significantly(P<0.01) higher than that in non-breeding period,The blood LH, PRL, T of blood homone indices in breeding period were increased in varying degrees than those in non-breeding period. Under the nutritional conditions of this experiment, the first egg weight of Lophophorus lhuysii was increased by 5.4g in 2016 compared to that in 2015. The average number of eggs increased 1, and average egg weight increased 2.2g, the number of days to lie eggs day were increased by 3, eggshell thickness increased 0.01 mm, eggshell density increased 0.89 mg/cm2.3. Under the condition of this experiment, the test group, which both increasing artificial lighting and improving the nutritional level in breeding period, the production of this group was 20 days in advance, and spawning period was increased by 9 days, the total number of eggs also increased 1, and its first egg weight increased 5.9g, average egg weight increased 0.6g, eggshell thickness increased 0.01 mm, eggshell density increased 1.77mg/cm2, comparing to those in 2015. The experimental group had 80% fertilized eggs and fertilized eggs in 2015 were 0.In summary, under the experimental conditions, light regulation, combined with reasonable nutritional level, the reproductive performance of Lophophorus lhuysii can be improved in a certain extent. The study of light and nutritional changes in physiological and biochemical indices and blood hormone levels can function as a reference to make a further exploration in improving the reproductive performance of Lophophorus lhuysii, and establishing the optimum lighting system and an appropriate level of nutrition research. |
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