| Object:Green non-pollution additive has been widely used in livestock production, this artical studies the effects of comp lex nutritional regulation additives on growth performance, slaughter performance, serum biochemical index and meat quality of grazing sheep in cold season. At the same time systematically analyzed of the relationship between complex nutritional regulation additives and rumen microorganisms in vitro rumen fermentation in the condition of different concentrate to forage ratios. To provide references for scientific supplementation and reasonable nutrition regulation of grazing sheep, to develop environmental protection type of nutritional regulation additives and so on.Methods: This study consists of four tests composition. Test one used two factors cross design carrying out vitro fermentation. Test two, test three and test four are used single factor randomized complete block, and carried out in the same nutrition and feeding models.Test one: The study on complex nutritional modulators under conditions of different forage to concentrate impacting on sheep rumen fermentation.It was two factors cross group design, one factor had four levels of control, group Ⅰ without supplement; group Ⅱ with routine concentrate; group Ⅲ with routine concentrate + complex formulation group 1; group Ⅳ with routine concentrate + complex formulation group 2. And the other factor had five different levels of forage to concentrate which were 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3. After 72 h of incubation, fermentation fluid was collected and analyzed for p H, NH3-N and VFA. To investigate the effects of complex nutritional regulation additives on sheep rumen microbial fermentation in vitro based on different concentrate to forage ratios.Test two: The study on complex nutritional modulators impacting on growth performance and slaughter performance of cool-season grazing sheep. This test used 48 7-month-old grazing ewes(healthy, nearly weight) dividing into 4 groups, group Ⅰ without supplement, group Ⅱ with routine concentrate; group Ⅲ with routine concentrate + complex formulation group 1 and group Ⅳ with routine concentrate + complex formulation group 2, respectively. Test period was 45 days, pre- feeding period was 5 days, positive feeding period was 40 days. Grazing ewes were fasting weighed on the first day and the fortieth day during the trial, then computing the ADG and slaughtered after weighing the fortieth day. The effects of complex nutritional regulation additives on growth performance and slaughter performance of grazing sheep in cold season.Test three: The study on complex nutritional modulators impacting on serum biochemcal indices of cool-season grazing sheep. This test was based on test one, collected jugular vein serum from 48 sheep experiment to study the complex of GPT, GOT, Glu, TP, ALB, TC, TG, Ig G and so on.Test four: The study on complex nutritional modulators impacting on meat quality of cool-season grazing sheep. The third test was based on experiment one and collected ketone left longissimus muscle samples to comparatively analysis determination rate of meat sample water, DM, EE, CP, Ash, PH, water loss rate, shear force, a mino acids and so on.Results: Test one: With the increase of the forage to concentrate ratios, the p H and ammonia-N concentration decreased, while the forage ratio was 4:6, group Ⅲ decreased by 3.23%(P>0.05) and 2.22%(P>0.05) compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ respectively. With the increse of forage to concentrate ratio, the acetic acid concentration, acetate/propionate ratio and the methane discharge showed a downward trend, and the propionic acid showed an increasing trend. Test two: The group Ⅲ was the highest value on final weight. Group Ⅲ incresed by 6.26%(P>0.05) and 3.69%(P>0.05) compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ on final weight respectively. The ADG highest is Group Ⅲ, Group Ⅲ incresed by 26.326%(P<0.01) and 5.74%(P>0.05) compared with group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ on ADG respectively. Group Ⅲ incresed by 4.68%(P>0.05) compared with group Ⅱ on slaughter rate. Group Ⅲ incresed by 18.46%(P<0.05), 10.97%(P>0.05) and 4.40%(P>0.05) compared with groupⅠ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ in meat percentage respectively. Group Ⅲ incresed by 49.74%(P<0.01), 13.22%(P>0.05) and 18.27%(P<0.05) compared with group Ⅰ and group Ⅱon carcass net meat weight respectively. Group Ⅲ incresed by 10.42%(P<0.01), 6.00%(P>0.05) and 3.37%(P>0.05) compared with groupⅠ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ in carcass net meat weight respectively. Test three: GroupⅠ, group Ⅱ, group Ⅳ and group Ⅲ showed a rising trend in blood glucose, blood calcium, blood phosphorus, HDL, LDL, GPT, immunoglobulin Ig G, while the contests of A/G and TG showed a decreasing trend. Test four: Group Ⅲ incresed by 27.92%(P<0.05), 16.67%(P>0.05) and 7.85%(P>0.05) compared with groupⅠ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ on crude fat respectively. Group Ⅲ incresed by 7.35%(P<0.05), 3.94%(P>0.05) and 2.49%(P>0.05) compared with groupⅠ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅳ on crude protein respectively. The shear force in three supplementary feeding groups were significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.01). And compared with group Ⅱ, group Ⅲ decreased 3.98%(P<0.05). The proline content of Group Ⅳ incresed by 38.34%(P<0.01) and 22.75%(P<0.05) compared with group Ⅰ and group Ⅱrespectively, while group Ⅲ incresed by 19.63%(P>0.05) and 6.15%(P>0.05) compared with groupⅠand group Ⅱ on proline content respectively. Except for proline, other amino acids were nonsignificant in the four experimental groups(P>0.05).Conclusion: Test one: Among the difference of concentrate to forage ratio, the fermentation substrate with group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ decreased ammonia-N concentration, the concentration of acetate, acetate/propionate ratio, methane production, and the same time increased propionic acid which means supplementing complex nutritional regulation additives have good effects on rumen fermentation type and complex nutritional modulators( group Ⅲ) wherein the premix added 0.3% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine, 0.08% saccharicterpenin effect best. Test two: Complex nutritional regulation additives can significantly improve ADG of cool-season grazing sheep, and grazing sheep’slaughter performance improve the productivity. And between them complex nutritional regulation additives( group Ⅲ) where in the premix added 0.3% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine, 0.08% saccharicterpenin effect best. Test three: complex nutritional regulation additives can improve the performance of grazing sheep immune, enhance their resistance to disease, improve the content of glucose, lipids, protein of sheep serum. Test four: Complex nutritional regulation additives can improve crude fat, crude protein and shear force in sheep meat. And also improve the contents of amino acids in the muscle, the flavor and nutritional value of grazing sheep in cold season. And between them complex nutritional regulation additives( group Ⅲ) wherein the premix added 0.3% malic acid, 0.06% cysteamine, 0.08% saccharicterpenin effect best. |
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