Effects Of Tuber Size And Fertilizer Levels On Growth Of Energy Plant Jerusalem Artichoke

In order to promote the growth and yield of energy plant Jerusalem artichoke during field production, the reasonable selection of seed tuber size, seeding depth and fertilizer is the crucial importance. Then, this thesis mainly discussed the effects of seed tuber size and fertilizer levels on the growth and yield of Jerusalem artichoke in the northwest semiarid regions. So, the important agronomic traits, including plant height, leaf area, above-ground biomass, and mycorrhizal infection rate in Jerusalem artichoke were measured under different controlled experiments. The results were shown as following:(1) Compared to seed tuber in 20-30 g, small tubers(<10 g) and tuber sowing in pieces(30 g) would decrease the plant height, base stem, knot length and number, leaf number, emergence rate and leaf area. Individual production, above-ground biomass, root weight of small tubers(<10 g) and pieces(30 g) also decreased by 429.01%, 289.40%, 475.98% and 453.02%, 380.10%, 287.30%. Seed tuber in 20-30 g would promote the growth of above-ground parts and its individual tuber production reached up to 755.20 g. The values of plant height, knot length, stem base and knot number firstly increased and then decreased with the increasement of sowing depth. Although the shallow and deep seeding would be adverse to plant growth and emergence rate, they had little effects on individual tuber production. Such as, the yield of individual tuber production in 5 cm of sowing depth achieved up to 908.62 g, and emergence rate was only 82% and lodging rate was up to 65%.(2) Fertilization could promote the phenotypic characters, tuber yield and above-ground biomass. Fertilization had effects on branches, stem bases and knot length but the number of stem. Nitrogenous fertilizer only(N2P0 and N3P0)could promote biomass and tuber production of above ground. N2P0 treatment could improve the tuber production and above-ground biomass by 317.78% and 423.56%. Fertilizer with nitrogen and phosphorus did not have an improvement compared with nitrogenous fertilizer only. Nitrogenous fertilizer had little influence on mycorrhizal infection incidence. Arbuscular mycorrhizal infection rate increased without phosphatic fertilizer and had a reverse correlation with phosphatic fertilizer(P0>P1>P2).Taken together, tuber size in 20-30 g, sowing depth in 15 cm, 150 kg nitrogenous fertilizer(about 326 kg urea) per hectare could promote plant growth and have a high yield in the cultivation of Jerusalem artichoke in semiarid regions of northwest China.