Qualitative And Quantitative Studies On Phenylethanoid Glycosides From Different Parts Of Cistanche Deserticola

Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma (syn. Cistanche Hoffmg. et Link, Orobanchaceae), is a parasitic perennial herbaceous plant, and the medicinal part is its dry succulent stem. C. deserticola is a precious traditional Chinese medicine in the northwest region, used for nourishing the liver and kidney, benefiting essence-blood, relieving constipation, and so on. So there is huge potential for its development and application. In recent years, the wild resource of C. deserticola is near extinction because of unrestrained digging, and C. deserticola has been protected as a vulnerable plant in China. This paper is mainly to study the chemical constituents, qualitative and quantitative analysis in different parts of planted C. deserticola, and to make discussion of its pharmacological activity and toxicity. The research contents are as follows:The first part:summary of the related literatureDocuments about the present research situation in the distribution, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Cistanche Hoffmg. et Link in the last thirty years were summed up.The second part:research on the characteristic constituents from different parts of Cistanche deserticolaSix chemical compounds were isolated from planted C. deserticola by HPLC method. On the basis of UV, MS and NMR data, the structures of these compounds were identified as echinacoside (1), cistanoside A (2), acteoside (3),2’-acetylacteoside (4), tubuloside B (5) and galactitol (6). Compounds1,2,3and6were isolated from the stem, and compounds3,4,5and6were isolated from the inflorescence. Compounds1～5were all phenylethanoid glycosides. Among them, compounds3～5were isolated from the inflorescence for the first time. Spectral features of phenylethanoid glycosides were summarized.The third part:qualitative and quantitative analysis of different parts of Cistanche deserticola The characteristic fingerprints of different parts of C. deserticola were established. And nine common peaks were observed, of which six characteristic peaks were identified, by using "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of TCM,2004" Similarity analysis was carried out among the fingerprints of nine different parts. The results showed that the stem, inflorescence axis and inflorescence shared high similarity, while the flower (without seed), inflorescence stalk and corolla shared little similarity, which indicated that there were obvious differences in content of chemical components among the different parts of C. deserticola.The phenylethanoid glycosides of the stem and inflorescence were identified by using the UPLC/Q-TOF-MS technique, and the fragmentation pathway of the six compounds were deduced. The same regular of the fragmentation pathway of the phenylethanoid glycosides in UPLC/Q-TOF-MS were summarized.The quantitative analysis method of six phenylethanoid glycosides in C. deserticola used UPLC-DAD technology was established for the first time, and the contents of phenylethanoid glycosides in nine different parts were determined. The results displayed that the content of some components in different parts showed obvious differences, with some regularity..The fourth part:research on the pharmacological activity and acute toxicity of Cistanche deserticolaIt was found that the capacity of scavenging DPPH free radical was different in the nine parts of planted C. deserticola after exploring antioxidant capacity in vitro. Nine parts all showed antioxidant activity, and the scavenging ability increased as the extract concentration increasing, while there was obvious differences in different parts.Changes of characteristic peaks of the nine parts of C. deserticola were detected before and after the DPPH free radical scavenging reaction, using UPLC-DAD method for the first time. The results showed that the peaks of phenylethanoid glycosides in nine samples decreased or even disappeared after the reaction, which indicated that phenylethanoid glycosides had an effect on antioxidation.Acute toxicity and anti-fatigue effects of the ethanol extract of C. deserticola were studied. The result showed that the ethanol extract had little acute toxicity in mice and obviously anti-fatigue effect.